饲粮粗纤维水平对中新鸭生长性能、屠宰性能、肠道发育及盲肠菌群结构的影响  

Effects of Dietary Crude Fiber Levels on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Intestinal Development and Cecal Flora Structure of Zhongxin Ducks

作　　者：来金良 吕尊周 姚玥州 韩青海 刘振林 杨庆磊 吕孝国 李鑫 刘宗强 周桂莲 李勇 燕磊 LAI Jinliang;LYU Zunzhou;YAO Yuezhou;HAN Qinghai;LIU Zhenlin;YANG Qinglei;LYU Xiaoguo;LI Xin;LIU Zongqiang;ZHOU Guilian;LI Yong;YAN Lei(Key Laboratory of Feed and Livestock and Poultry Products Quality&Safety Control,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chengdu 610023,China;New Hope Liuhe Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610023,China;Qingdao Key Laboratory of Animal Feed Safety,Shandong New Hope Liuhe Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266061,China;Weifang New Hope Liuhe Feed Technology Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 261000,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部饲料及畜禽产品质量安全控制重点实验室,成都610023 [2]新希望六和股份有限公司,成都610023 [3]山东新希望六和集团有限公司,青岛市动物饲料安全重点实验室,青岛266061 [4]潍坊新希望六和饲料科技有限公司,潍坊261000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第12期7805-7816,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(TSCY20190108);山东省重点研发计划(2021CXGC010805);国家重点研发计划(2022YFD13006005);鸢都产业领军人才项目(2022年度)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮粗纤维水平对中新鸭生长性能、屠宰性能、肠道发育及盲肠菌群结构的影响。选择1日龄商品代中新肉公鸭600只,随机分为3组,每组8个重复,每个重复25羽。饲粮粗纤维设为低(前期2.9%、后期3.6%)、中(前期4.2%、后期4.7%)、高(前期5.8%、后期5.5%)3个水平。试验期37 d。结果表明:1)饲粮粗纤维水平对各阶段中新鸭生长性能均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)高粗纤维水平组腹脂率显著高于低粗纤维水平组(P<0.05)。3)高粗纤维水平组空肠和回肠相对重量及腺胃指数显著高于低、中粗纤维水平组(P<0.05),中、高粗纤维水平组空肠和回肠绝对重量显著高于低粗纤维水平组(P<0.05)。饲粮粗纤维水平对中新鸭肠道损伤评分无显著影响(P>0.05)。4)中粗纤维水平组Shannon指数显著高于高粗纤维水平组(P<0.05)。在门水平上,中粗纤维水平组厚壁菌门相对丰度最高,低粗纤维水平组拟杆菌门相对丰度最高。在属水平上,低粗纤维水平组拟杆菌属相对丰度最高。由此可见,饲喂中粗纤维水平(前期4.2%、后期4.7%)饲粮的中新鸭生长性能和盲肠菌群结构表现最佳;饲喂高粗纤维水平(前期5.8%、后期5.5%)饲粮有利于中新鸭胃肠道的发育,但可能对生长性能和屠宰性能有不利影响。The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary crude fiber levels on growth performance,slaughter performance,intestinal development and cecal flora structure of Zhongxin ducks.A total of 600 one-day-old male commercial Zhongxin ducks were randomly divided into 3 groups with 8 replicates per group and 25 ducks per replicate.The dietary crude fiber levels were low(2.9%in the starter and 3.6%in the finisher),medium(4.2%in the starter and 4.7%in the finisher)and high(5.8%in the starter and 5.5%in the finisher),respectively.The experimental period was 37 days.The results showed as follows:1)dietary crude fiber levels had no significant effect on the growth performance of Zhongxin ducks at all stages(P>0.05).2)The abdominal fat percentage of high crude fiber level group was significantly higher than that of low crude fiber level group(P<0.05).3)The relative weight of jejunum and ileum and proventriculus index of high crude fiber level group were significantly higher than those of low and medium crude fiber level groups(P<0.05),and the absolute weight of jejunum and ileum of medium and high crude fiber level groups were significantly higher than those of low crude fiber level group(P<0.05).Dietary crude fiber levels had no significant effect on the intestinal injury score of Zhongxin ducks(P>0.05).4)The Shannon index of medium crude fiber level group was significantly higher than that of high crude fiber level group(P<0.05).At the phylum level,the relative abundance of Firmicutes was the highest in medium crude fiber level group,while the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was the highest in low crude fiber level group.At the genus level,the relative abundance of Bacteroides was the highest in low crude fiber level group.In conclusion,Zhongxin ducks feeding medium crude fiber level(4.2%in the starter and 4.7%in the finisher)dites showed the best growth performance and cecal flora structure;feeding high crude fiber level(5.8%in the early stage and 5.5%in the late stage)diets are beneficial for the gastr

关 键 词：中新鸭 粗纤维 生长性能 屠宰性能 肠道发育 盲肠菌群结构 

分 类 号：S834[农业科学—畜牧学]