饲粮磷水平对泌乳水牛泌乳性能、磷消化代谢和血液指标的影响  

Effects of Dietary Phosphorus Levels on Lactation Performance,Phosphorus Digestion and Metabolism and Blood Indices of Lactating Buffaloes

作　　者：邵鹏程 崔政安[1,2] 韦贵聪 邹彩霞 夏中生[1] SHAO Pengcheng;CUI Zheng’an;WEI Guicong;ZOU Caixia;XIA Zhongsheng(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530005,China;Chimelong Wild Animal World,Panyu District,Guangzhou City,Guangzhou 513430,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科技学院,南宁530005 [2]广州市番禺区长隆野生动物世界,广州513430

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第12期7892-7902,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22068099-5)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮磷水平对泌乳水牛泌乳性能、磷消化代谢和血液指标的影响。选择体况良好、胎次相似、泌乳3个月左右以及泌乳量大致相等的32头健康水牛,按体重随机分成4组,每组8头水牛,每个重复1头牛。4组分别饲喂磷水平为0.30%、0.39%、0.48%和0.57%的饲粮,饲粮其他营养水平保持一致。试验期35 d,包括14 d的预试期和21 d的正试期。在正试期的最后5 d,每组随机选取3头水牛,采用全粪尿收集法进行消化代谢试验。结果表明:1)饲粮磷水平对泌乳水牛日均产奶量、4%标准乳产量、乳蛋白率、乳脂率、乳非脂乳固形物率、乳钙含量和乳磷含量均无显著影响(P>0.05),其中0.39%磷水平组4%标准乳产量最高。2)饲粮磷水平显著影响泌乳水牛食入磷、粪磷、总排泄磷和可利用磷含量(P<0.05),且上述指标随饲粮磷水平的提高呈上升趋势;饲粮磷水平显著影响泌乳水牛中性洗涤纤维(NDF)表观消化率、磷表观消化率、粪磷占食入磷比例和乳磷占食入磷比例(P<0.05),其中0.48%磷水平组NDF表观消化率显著高于其他3组(P<0.05),0.30%磷水平组磷表观消化率显著低于其他3组(P<0.05),0.39%磷水平组粪磷占食入磷比例显著高于其他3组(P<0.05),0.48%磷水平组乳磷占食入磷比例显著低于其他3组(P<0.05)。3)饲粮磷水平显著影响泌乳水牛血液磷含量和血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性(P<0.05),其中血液磷含量随饲粮磷水平的提高呈升高趋势,血清ALP活性随饲粮磷水平的提高呈降低趋势。综上所述,综合泌乳性能、磷消化代谢和血液指标并考虑磷排泄和环境污染的情况下,以0.39%磷水平组泌乳水牛饲喂效果较好,建议泌乳水牛饲粮磷水平以0.39%为宜。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary phosphorus levels on lactation performance,phosphorus digestion and metabolism and blood indices of lactating buffaloes.Thirty-two healthy buffaloes with good body condition,similar parity,about 3 months of lactation and roughly equal milk output were randomly divided into 4 groups according to body weight with 8 buffaloes in each group and 1 buffalo in each replicate.The buffaloes in the four groups were fed diets with phosphorus levels of 0.30%,0.39%,0.48%and 0.57%,respectively,and the other nutrient levels were consistent.The experiment lasted for 35 days,including 14 days of pre-trial period and 21 days of trial period.In the last 5 days of the trial period,3 buffaloes in each group were randomly selected to perform digestion and metabolism tests by total feces and urine collection method.The results showed as follows:1)dietary phosphorus levels had no significant effects on the average daily milk yield,4%fat correction milk yield,milk protein rate,milk fat rate,milk non-fat milk solid rate,milk calcium content and milk phosphorus content of lactating buffaloes(P>0.05),and the 4%fat correction milk yield in 0.39%phosphorus level group was the highest.2)Dietary phosphorus levels significantly affected the contents of intake phosphorus,fecal phosphorus,total phosphorus excretion and available phosphorus of lactating buffaloes(P<0.05),and the above indices were increased with the increase of dietary phosphorus level;dietary phosphorus levels significantly affected the neutral detergent fiber(NDF)apparent digestibility,phosphorus apparent digestibility,fecal phosphorus to phosphorus intake ratio and milk phosphorus to phosphorus intake ratio of lactating buffaloes(P<0.05),the NDF apparent digestibility in 0.48%phosphorus level group was significantly higher than that in the other 3 groups(P<0.05),the phosphorus apparent digestibility in 0.30%phosphorus level group was significantly lower than that in the other 3 groups(P<0.05),the fecal phosphoru

关 键 词：饲粮磷水平 泌乳水牛 泌乳性能 磷消化代谢 血液指标 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]