饲料中添加L-肉碱对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、消化能力及非特异性免疫力的影响  

Effects of L-carnitine Supplementation in Diets on Growth Performance,Digestive Ability and Non-Specific Immunity of Pacific White Shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)

作　　者：赵敏 周良星 刘佳裕 周桂莲 李勇 刘天骥 刘匆 席庆凯 朱站英 顾夕章 张文兵[1] 李洪琴 ZHAO Min;ZHOU Liangxing;LIU Jiayu;ZHOU Guilian;LI Yong;LIU Tianji;LIU Cong;XI Qingkai;ZHU Zhanying;GU Xizhang;ZHANG Wenbing;LI Hongqin(College of Fisheries,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266061,China;Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Control of Feed and Livestock Products,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,New Hope Liuhe Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100102,China;Qingdao Key Laboratory for Animal Feed Safety,Shandong New Hope Liuhe Group Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266061,China;Guangzhou Hope Feed Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510000,China;Sichuan New Hope Liuhe Technology Innovation Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610101,China;Jiangsu Province Aquatic Biology Environmental Protection Feed Engineering Research Center,Sheyang Liuhe Feed Co.,Ltd.,Yancheng 224000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,青岛266061 [2]新希望六和股份有限公司,农业农村部饲料及畜禽产品质量安全控制重点实验室,北京100102 [3]山东新希望六和集团有限公司,青岛市动物饲料安全重点实验室,青岛266061 [4]广州希望饲料有限公司,广州510000 [5]四川新希望六和科技创新有限公司,成都610101 [6]射阳六和饲料有限公司,江苏省水产生物环保饲料工程研究中心,盐城224000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第12期7978-7987,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1301004)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究饲料中添加L-肉碱对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、消化能力及非特异性免疫力的影响。选择初始体重为(0.40±0.02)g的凡纳滨对虾虾苗480尾,随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复40尾虾。对照组饲喂基础饲料,试验组饲喂L-肉碱添加水平分别为0.02%和0.04%的试验饲料。试验期8周。结果表明:1)0.04%L-肉碱组增重率和特定生长率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),0.04%L-肉碱组饲料系数显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。各组之间凡纳滨对虾存活率无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)0.02%L-肉碱组和0.04%L-肉碱组虾体水分含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。各组之间凡纳滨对虾虾体粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)0.02%L-肉碱组肠道肌层厚度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。各组之间凡纳滨对虾肠道绒毛高度无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)0.04%L-肉碱组肠道蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。各组之间凡纳滨对虾肠道淀粉酶活性无显著差异(P>0.05)。5)0.04%L-肉碱组肝胰腺酸性磷酸酶和溶菌酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),0.02%L-肉碱组和0.04%L-肉碱组肝胰腺碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲料中添加适宜水平的L-肉碱可以改善凡纳滨对虾生长性能和饲料利用效率,提高对虾消化能力和非特异性免疫力。在本试验条件下,凡纳滨对虾饲料中L-肉碱的适宜添加水平为0.04%。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of L-carnitine supplementation in diets on growth performance,digestive ability and non-specific immunity of Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei).A total of 480 juvenile Pacific white shrimp with initial body weight of(0.40±0.02)g were randomly divided into 3 groups with 4 replicates per group and 40 shrimp per replicate.Shrimp in the control group were fed a basal diet,and others in experimental groups were fed experimental diets which L-carnitine supplemental levels were 0.02%and 0.04%,respectively.The experiment lasted for 8 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of 0.04%L-carnitine group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),and the feed conversion ratio of 0.04%L-carnitine group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in survival rate of Pacific white shrimp among all groups(P>0.05).2)The whole shrimp moisture content of 0.02%L-carnitine group and 0.04%L-carnitine group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the contents of crude protein,ether extract and ash in whole shrimp of Pacific white shrimp among all groups(P>0.05).3)The intestinal muscular layer thickness of 0.02%L-carnitine group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in intestinal villus height of Pacific white shrimp among all groups(P>0.05).4)The activities of protease and lipase in intestine of 0.04%L-carnitine group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in intestinal amylase activity of Pacific white shrimp among all groups(P>0.05).5)The activities of acid phosphatase and lysozyme in hepatopancreas of 0.04%L-carnitine group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),and the activities of alkaline phosphatase and catalase in hepatopancreas of 0.02%

关 键 词：L-肉碱 凡纳滨对虾 生长性能 消化能力 非特异性免疫力 

分 类 号：S966.12[农业科学—水产养殖]