黄土细观界面及其灾害效应研究初探  

PRELIMINARY RESEARCH ON LOESS MESOSCOPIC INTERFACE AND ITS HAZARD EFFECT

作　　者：赵鲁庆 彭建兵[1,2] 马鹏辉[1,2] 冷艳秋[1,2] 朱兴华 ZHAO Luqing;PENG Jianbing;MA Penghui;LENG Yanqiu;ZHU Xinghua(School of Geological Engineering and Surveying,Chang an University,Xi’an 710054,China;Key Laboratory of Western Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering Ministry of Education,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,西安710054 [2]西部矿产资源与地质环境教育部重点实验室,西安710054

出　　处：《工程地质学报》2023年第6期1783-1798,共16页Journal of Engineering Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(资助号:41790441);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(资助号:42107198,41907235).

摘　　要：黄土是第四纪以来形成的具有多孔隙弱胶结的特殊沉积物,受自然环境及人类工程活动影响,黄土体内分布大量不连续面,统称为黄土界面。黄土界面是黄土灾变的本底控制因素。依据界面灾害效应,黄土界面划分为巨观、宏观、细观和微观界面。黄土细观界面是指分割黄土块体的不连续面。本文通过野外调查,归纳出细观界面具有圆形状、对钩状、尖灭状及V形状的几何形态特征,组合特征表现为发散型的爪状、阶梯状、羽列状以及闭合型网格状。按成因分类为物理力学成因、生物活动成因、水土耦合成因、风化成因以及异相成因。黄土细观界面的发育演化是一个动态循环再生过程,具有时空特性、辐射特性,对土体具有分离、松动和软化渗透的灾变效应。本文针对黄土细观界面的初步探讨,旨在完善黄土界面灾变理论体系的科学基础,以期为黄土灾变机理研究提供科学参考依据。Loess discontinuous surfaces can be collectively called the loess interfaces.They are generated by the nature environment and human engineering activities.The loess interface is the basic controlling factor of loess catastrophe.Based on the interface disaster effect,the loess interface is divided into megainterface,macrointerface,mesointerface and microinterface.The loess mesointerface refers to the discontinuous surface that divides the loess block.We conduct extensive field investigation to enhance the understanding of loess mesointerface.According to the investigation statistical results,we propose the geometric features of the mesointerface with round shape,hook shape,pinch-out shape,and V shape.The combined features include claw shaped,step shaped,feather shaped,and grids shape.Based on the cause mechanism,the mesointerface is classified as physical mechanics,biological activities,water-soil interaction,weathering,and heterogeneous.The loess meso interface has a hazard-induced effect of separation,loosening and seepage softening on soil.The preliminary research on loess mesointerface would provide scientific reference for studying the loess catastrophe mechanism.

关 键 词：黄土 界面 成因分类 几何特征 发育演化 灾害效应 

分 类 号：P642.131[天文地球—工程地质学]