杨树吸收富集矿山流域污染土壤重金属的研究  

Absorption and accumulation of heavy metals in planted poplar growing on polluted soil in a small post-mining watershed

作　　者：程毕鑫 赵婷婷 汪悦 戎恭 孔苏明 龙丹丹 储茵[1] 刘盛全[2] CHENG Bixin;ZHAO Tingting;WANG Yue;RONG Gong;KONG Suming;LONG Dandan;CHU Yin;LIU Shengquan(School of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036;School of Forestry&Landscape Architecture,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,合肥230036 [2]安徽农业大学林学与园林学院,合肥230036

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2023年第6期1013-1020,共8页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31770595)资助。

摘　　要：为探究杨树修复矿山流域重金属污染土壤的性能,选取安徽省铜陵市某矿山流域,对其中8个采样点内人工林美洲黑杨(Populus deltoides W. Bar-tram ex Marshall)和立地土壤进行取样,测定了土壤和杨树不同部位Cd、Zn、Cu、Pb和As的含量。参考农用地土地管控标准(GB15618—2018)可知,所有采样点土壤中Cd和Pb的含量均超过农用地风险筛选值;矿山和流域下游土壤中Cd、Pb和As的含量超过农用地土壤风险管控值,Zn和Cu的含量超过农用地风险筛选值。杨树在重金属不同污染程度上的立地土壤中均生长良好,表现出较强的耐受性。从8个样点重金属的平均富集系数(BCF)和转运系数(TF)来看,杨树对Cd的富集转运能力最强,平均BCF达到5.5,平均TF达到1.83,不同部位中树叶富集转运能力相对最强而树枝和树干最弱;对于其他重金属,除树叶Zn的平均BCF达到1.63外,杨树不同部位Pb、As、Zn和Cu的平均BCF均小于1,其中Pb和As的平均BCF均小于0.01,表现出极差的富集能力;杨树对Pb的平均TF小于1,对As、Zn和Cu的平均TF均大于1,在低富集能力水平下表现出较好的转运能力。因此,杨树可作为以Cd-Zn为主的重金属污染土壤的修复树种。In order to explore the extraction characteristics of heavy metals in poplar growing on mine watershed polluted soil,samples of soil and various parts of poplar trees(Populus deltoides W.Bartram ex Marshall)were sam-pled and analyzed for Cd,Zn,Cu,Pb,and As,from 8 sites in a small watershed where there is a post-mining hill area,located in Tongling,Anhui province,China.According to the risk control standard for soil contamination of agricul-tural land(GB15618—2018),the contents of Cd and Pb in the soil of all eight sites exceeded the risk screening values of agricultural land.In the soil of the post-mining area and the downstream sites,the contents of Cd,Pb,and As ex-ceeded the risk control value of agricultural land,and that of Zn,and Cu exceeded the risk screening value of agricul-tural land.Poplars grew well in soils with different contamination levels of various heavy metals,showing high toler-ance.Poplar demonstrated strong absorption and accumulation ability of Cd based on the average bio-concentration factor(BCF)and average translocation factor(TF)of poplar trees growing on the 8 sampling sites,with an average BCF of 5.5 and an average TF of 1.83,respectively.For other heavy metals,the enrichment and transport ability of the leaves in different parts was the relatively strongest,while the stems and branches were the weakest.With the excep-tion of Zn in the leaves,where the average BCF reached 1.63,the average BCFs of Pb,As,Zn,and Cu in all the parts of poplar trees were less than 1,among which the average BCF of Pb and As were even less than 0.01,demonstrating very poor absorption and accumulation ability.The average TF of poplar to Pb was less than 1,and the average TF of poplar to As,Zn and Cu was greater than 1,showing good transport capacity at low enrichment level.Therefore,poplar can be used as a candidate tree species for the remediation of Cd-Zn-contaminated soil.

关 键 词：美洲黑杨 树木修复 矿山流域 重金属 Cd ZN 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X73