基于多因素协同作用的沿河公路护岸冲刷深度分析与计算  

Analysis and Calculation of Scouring Depth of Highway Revetment Along the River Based on the Synergistic Action of Multiple Factors

作　　者：李锦涛 郭向红[1] 贺丽丽 赵俊刚 全炳欣 张世泉[3] LI Jin-tao;GUO Xiang-hong;HE Li-li;ZHAO Jun-gang;QUAN Bing-xin;ZHANG Shi-quan

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西太原030024 [2]山西省交通规划勘察设计院有限公司,山西太原030012 [3]山西省水利水电勘测设计研究院有限公司,山西太原030024

出　　处：《山西水利科技》2023年第4期29-37,41,共10页Shanxi Hydrotechnics

基　　金：山西省水利科学技术研究与推广项目(2022GM054);山西省交通运输厅科技项目(2017-1-15)。

摘　　要：确定河道中河流最大冲刷深度,是决定沿河公路路基埋深的基础,对保障沿河公路安全有重要意义。为建立简便的冲刷深度计算公式,在室内进行了不同弯道角度、流量下的河流冲刷模型试验。结果表明,在直道段顺水流方向冲刷深度变化幅度不明显,随着流量的增大,直道段各断面冲刷深度随之增大;在弯道段,顺水流方向冲刷深度呈现先增大后减小的趋势,同时在进入弯道后,受弯道环流的影响,两岸的冲刷深度差逐渐增大,在部分工况下甚至出现了凹岸冲刷严重而凸岸淤积的现象;河流最大冲刷出现的位置在弯道出口下游处,随着弯道角度与流量的增加,逐渐向弯道出口处迁移。河流最大冲刷深度与流量和弯道角度存在线性关系,与相对流速和水深存在幂函数关系。在此基础上,综合考虑水深、相对流速和弯道角度耦合作用,建立了适用于河道直段与弯段的河流最大冲刷深度计算公式,可用于河道直段与弯段最大冲刷深度的计算。Determining the maximum scouring depth in the river is the basis for determining the burial depth of the roadbed of highways along the river,and is of great significance to ensure the safety of highways along the river.In order to establish a simple scouring depth calculation formula,river scour model tests were conducted indoors with different bend angles and flow rates.The results show that the change in scouring depth along the flow direction in the straight section is not significant.As the flow rate increases,the scouring depth of each section of the straight section also increases.In the curved section,the scouring depth along the flow direction shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.At the same time,after entering the bend,the scouring depth difference between the two sides gradually increases due to the influence of the bend circulation.In some working conditions,there even be severe scour in concave banks and sedimentation in convex banks.The maximum scour of the river occurs downstream of the bend outlet,and gradually migrates towards the bend outlet as the bend angle and flow rate increase.The maximum scouring depth of a river has a linear relationship with flow rate and bend angle,and a power function relationship with relative flow velocity and water depth.On this basis,taking into account the coupling effects of water depth,relative velocity,and bend angle,a formula for calculating the maximum scouring depth of rivers suitable for straight and curved sections of rivers was established,which can be used to calculate the maximum scouring depth of straight and curved sections of rivers.

关 键 词：泥沙 弯道角度 水深 流量 冲刷 

分 类 号：TV14[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]