高压异径管应力-冲蚀耦合损伤特性及结构优化  

Damage characteristics and structural optimization of high-pr essure reducers under stress-erosion interaction

作　　者：王华昆 王彤瑶 余杨[2] WANG Huakun;WANG Tongyao;YU Yang(Fujian Key Laboratory of Digital Simulations for Coastal Civil Engineering,Department of Civil Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学土木工程系,福建省滨海土木工程数字仿真重点实验室,福建厦门361005 [2]天津大学,水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《压力容器》2023年第10期47-57,共11页Pressure Vessel Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(52301339);福建省自然科学基金青年创新基金项目(2021J05004)。

摘　　要：冲蚀损伤是管道失效的主要原因,通过数值模拟研究了高压异径管的应力-冲蚀耦合损伤演化特性。将自定义应力-冲蚀模型嵌入COMSOL Multiphysics,分析了流速、出口压力、质量流率、粒径、上游段长度等参数对内高压异径管冲蚀损伤演化的影响,并对异径管过渡段进行优化设计,提出了最佳几何构型。研究表明:在应力-冲蚀耦合下,上游段长度未达到临界长度前,最大冲蚀速率随着上游段长度的增大而增大,且冲蚀热点会不断下移。一旦上游段长度达到临界值,冲蚀形貌便会趋于稳定。管内应力的增加会引起管壁冲蚀加剧,且随着应力不断接近管道屈服应力,应力加速效应会更加显著,而流速、颗粒粒径、颗粒浓度是影响应力-冲蚀的主要因素。此外,冲蚀率随着过渡段倾角θ的减小而减小,不同流速下过渡段倾角的最佳取值存在差异。综合考虑成本及结构安全性,笔者认为θ=10°~15°为异径管的最佳构型。Erosion damage is the main cause of pipeline failure.The damage evolution characteristics of high pressure reducer under stress-erosion coupling were studied by numerical simulation.The user-defined stress-erosion model was embedded into COMSOL Multiphysics,and the influences of parameters such as velocity,outlet pressure,mass flow rate,particle size and upstream length on the erosion damage evolution of internal high-pressure reducer were analyzed,the transition section of reducer was optimized and the optimal geometric configuration was proposed.The results show that under the stress-erosion coupling,the maximum erosion rate increases with the increase of the upstream length before the upstream length reaches the critical length,and the erosion hot spot will move downward continuously.Once the length of the upstream section reaches the critical value,the erosion morphology will tend to be stable.The increase of internal stress in the pipe will intensify the erosion of the pipe wall,the stress acceleration effect will be more obvious as the stress approaches the yield stress of the pipe,while the velocity,particle size and particle concentration are the main factors affecting the stress-erosion.In addition,the erosion ratio decreases with the decrease of the inclination angleθof the transition section,the optimal value of the inclination angle of the transition section is different at different velocity.Considering the cost and the structure safety,it was proposed thatθ=10°~15°is the best configuration of the reducer.

关 键 词：异径管 应力-冲蚀 CFD数值模拟 多物理场 

分 类 号：TH49[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TE832[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]