黔北大娄山区金佛山方竹林结构及其与竹笋产量的关系  

Structure of Chimonobambusa uitils Forest Stands in Daloushan Mountain Area,Northern Guizhou Province,and Its Relationship with Bamboo Shoot Yield

作　　者：张喜 杨光能 侯贻菊 Zhang Xi;Yang Guangneng;Hou Yiju(Guizhou Academy of Forestry,Guiyang 550005,China;Guizhou Institute of Bamboo Industry for New Era,Chishui 564700,China;Center of Sympodial Bamboo Engineering Technology of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省林业科学研究院,贵阳550005 [2]贵州省新时代竹产业研究院,贵州赤水564700 [3]国家林业和草原局丛生竹工程技术中心,昆明650224

出　　处：《世界竹藤通讯》2023年第6期22-30,共9页World Bamboo and Rattan

基　　金：贵州省特色林业产业科研项目(特林研2020-02)。

摘　　要：金佛山方竹林结构与竹笋产量的关系是学界关注的热点。在大娄山金佛山方竹中心分布区海拔1600 m左右地带选择天然林和人工林共计5个试验点,定位观测竹笋收购期带壳笋、去壳笋产量、采笋株数及净笋比的动态变化。结果表明:1)依据主要生境因子及方竹林结构主要指标,将21个样地划分为5种方竹林类型;随海拔高度降低,人工林样地数量所占比例增大,土层厚度降低,样地数量和坡度呈“先升后降”的变化。2)不同类型竹林间,除竹林密度、乔木层植物高度及Simpson指数差异不显著外,其它林分结构指标及植物多样性指数均存在显著差异;在各类型竹林中,集约经营的人工林平均胸径及密度较大,乔木层植物平均胸径、高度及密度较小,无灌木层和草本层植物。3)不同类型竹林间,除土壤A层总孔隙度、土壤B层全磷量、速效磷量、毛管孔隙度及总孔隙度差异显著外,其他土壤理化指标差异不显著;在各类型竹林中,集约经营的人工林土壤肥力总量、有效量及孔隙度和其他类型竹林存在较大差异。4)不同类型竹林间,带壳笋产量、采笋株数及净笋比差异不显著,去壳笋产量在部分类型间差异显著;在各类型竹林中,集约经营的人工林带壳笋产量、去壳笋产量和采笋株数较小,净笋比较低。研究结果为认识低海拔地区金佛山方竹林结构与竹笋产量关系提供了科学依据。The relationship between Chimonobambusa uitils stand structure and the yield of bamboo shoots attracts the attention from academic community.Five experimental sites where natural forest and artificial forest of Ch.uitils are located are selected at an altitude about 1600 m in the main distribution area of the species in Daloushan mountain,northern Guizhou province,to observe the dynamic changes of the yield of shelled and off-shelled bamboo shoots,the number of bamboo shoots picked and the edible rate of shoots.The results show as follows:1)The 21 sample plots are divided into 5 stand types according to the main habitat factors and the main indexes related to stand structure.With the decrease of altitude,the proportion of artificial forest plots increases,the thickness of soil layer decreases,and the number of plots and slope gradient show a trend of“first rising and then decreasing”;2)Except for bamboo density and the height and Simpson index of trees,which are not insignificantly different,other indexes related to stand structure and plant diversity are significantly different.Among different types of bamboo forests,the intensively managed bamboo plantations have higher average DBH and density,while arbor trees have small average DBH,height and density,and shrub and herbaceous layers are not developed;3)Among different types of bamboo forests,except for total porosity of soil layer A,total phosphorus content of soil layer B,available phosphorus content,capillary porosity,and total porosity,which are significantly different,there is no significant difference in other soil physical and chemical indicators.There are certain differences in the total soil fertility,effective amount,and porosity between intensively managed bamboo plantation and another types of bamboo forests;and 4)There is no significant difference in the yield of bamboo shoots with shell,the number of harvested bamboo shoots,and the edible rate of shoot among different types of bamboo forests,while the yield of bamboo shoots without shell varie

关 键 词：金佛山方竹 林分类型 林分结构 竹笋产量 黔北地区 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]