规模化猪场母猪的发情鉴定、配种和人工授精技术的应用  

Application of Estrus Identification,Breeding and Artificial Insemination Techniques for Sows in Large-scale Pig Farms

作　　者：姚美玲 丁得利 韩永胜 李伟 林秀蔚 李青莹 朱元芳 王艳菲 刘文 王德香 黄萌 郭春晖 姚爽 白长胜 刘雪松 王佳辉 YAO Meiing;DING Dei;HAN Yongsheng;LI Wei;LIN Xiuwei;LI Qingying;ZHU Yuanfang;WANG Yanfei;LIU Wen;WANG Dexiang;HUANG Meng;GUO Chunhui;YAO Shuang;BAI Changsheng;LIU Xuesong;WANG Jiahui(Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar Heilongjiang 161005,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161005

出　　处：《现代畜牧科技》2024年第1期84-86,共3页Modern Animal Husbandry Science & Technology

基　　金：2021—2022黑龙江省外向型农业产业技术协同创新体系。

摘　　要：在规模化猪场饲养管理中,母猪的发情鉴定、配种工作和人工授精是其核心技术。该文根据生产实际情况和现场工作经验,从母猪的繁殖生理特点(初情期、性成熟期、适龄配种期、发情周期和发情征兆),母猪的发情鉴定方法(外部观察法、静立反射检查法、公猪试情法、阴道黏膜黏液检查法)、适当配种时间、人工授精技术的应用多方面进行归纳总结,为确定发情的母猪探究恰当的配种时机,提高母猪的繁殖性能,最大幅度增加母猪的受胎率、产仔率、降低空怀损失率,节约生产成本,增加规模化猪场的养殖、经济效益、生产效率,为其发展提供理论依据和技术支持。In the breeding and management of large-scale pig farms,the estrus identification of sows,breeding work and artificial insemination are its core technologies.According to the actual situation of production and field work experience,the reproductive physiological characteristics of sows(initial estrus,sexual maturity,age-appropriate mating period,estrus cycle and estrus signs),Methods of identifying estrus of sows(external observation,static reflex test,boars test,vaginal mucous test),appropriate mating time,and application of artificial insemination technology were summarized in order to explore appropriate mating opportunities for sows with established estrus and improve their reproductive performance.The maximum increase of sow conception rate,birth rate,less empty loss rate,saving production costs,thereby increasing the large-scale pig farm breeding,economic benefits,production efficiency,to provide theoretical basis and technical support for its development.

关 键 词：母猪 繁殖生理 发情鉴定方法 适时配种 人工授精技术 

分 类 号：S828.3[农业科学—畜牧学]