事件、叙事与主体--《使女的故事》与《证言》中的历史观  

Event,Narrative and Subjectivity:Idea of History in The Handmaid’s Tale and The Testaments

作　　者：王韵秋[1] Wang Yunqiu(the School of Foreign Languages,Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州电子科技大学外国语学院

出　　处：《外国语文研究》2023年第6期32-42,共11页Foreign Language and Literature Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“玛格丽特·阿特伍德的创伤叙事与现代性批判”(19FWWB027)。

摘　　要：《使女的故事》与《证言》是加拿大女作家玛格丽特·阿特伍德针对20世纪70年代后美国右翼势力抬头的反乌托邦小说姊妹篇。两部小说创作的历史跨度为三十五年,却就同一极权主义历史事件形成了两极叙事。前者以单一的主体叙事建构了一种奠基在历史真实性基础上的相对性,而后者以多维度的主体叙事补足了前者围绕极权主义政变事件生产的历史意义。通过拆解一个整体叙事的不同层次,阿特伍德解决的不仅仅是老生常谈的虚构与真实问题,更离析了历史事件的真实性、历史事件的叙事主体性以及叙事主体的复数性,并最终呼吁以一种人与历史之间更为深刻的关系来回应历史绝对论。The Handmaid’s Tale and The Testaments are two companion stories of Margaret Atwood's dystopian fiction series about the rise of political right-wing in the United States after the 1970s.The time span between the two novels is 35 years,which form a bipolar narrative on the same historical event of totalitarianism.The former constructs a relative historical authenticity through a single narrative of subject,while the latter supplements the historical significance produced by the former based on the totalitarian event with plural narratives of the subjects.By deconstructing the overall narrative hierarchy,Atwood not only solves the clichéissues of fiction and reality,but also separates the authenticity of historical events,the narrative subjectivity of historical events,and the plurality of narrative subjects.Ultimately,she responds to the current historical absolutism by calling for a more profound examination of the relationship between man and history.

关 键 词：《使女的故事》 《证言》 历史 叙事 

分 类 号：I711.074[文学—其他各国文学]