基于中介效应的结构方程模型分析老年COPD患者的自我护理能力  

Analysis on self-care ability in elderly patients with COPD by structural equation model based on mediating effects

作　　者：田静静[1,2] 邬闻文 王姗姗[2] 孙东晗 李兵 吴思雨 李阳 李莉 TIAN Jingjing;WU Wenwen;WANG Shanshan;SUN Donghan;LI Bing;WU Siyu;LI Yang;LI Li(Department of Endocrinology,Shiyan Municipal People′s Hospital,Shiyan,Hubei 442000,China;School of Nursing,Hubei University of Medicine,Shiyan,Hubei 442000,China;School of Public Health and Wellness,Hubei University of Medicine,Shiyan,Hubei 442000,China;Health Management and Health Cause Development Research Center,Hubei University of Medicine,Shiyan,Hubei 442000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省十堰市人民医院内分泌科,湖北十堰442000 [2]湖北医药学院护理学院,湖北十堰442000 [3]湖北医药学院公共卫生与健康学院,湖北十堰442000 [4]湖北医药学院卫生管理与卫生事业发展研究中心,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2024年第1期28-33,共6页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

基　　金：湖北省卫生健康委员会2021-2022年度指导性项目(WJ2021F044);湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究项目(22Y123,22Y125);湖北省教育厅重点项目(D20222105)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者自我护理能力的影响因素,构建结构方程模型,为改善患者自我护理能力提供参考。方法 采用一般资料调查表、家庭亲密度和适应性量表、自我感受负担量表、COPD患者自我护理量表对608例老年COPD患者进行横断面调查,采用结构方程模型分析自我护理能力的影响因素及作用路径。结果 老年COPD患者自我护理能力总分为(92.75±12.45)分。结构方程模型结果显示,社会经济地位对自我护理能力有直接正向效应(β=0.285,P<0.05)和间接正向效应(β=0.245,P<0.05),家庭功能对自我护理能力有直接正向效应(β=0.518,P<0.05),自我感受负担对自我护理能力有直接负向效应(β=-0.131,P<0.05)和间接负向效应(β=-0.131,P<0.05)。结论 老年COPD患者自我护理能力处于中等水平,有较大的提升空间。关注社会经济地位,增强家庭功能,降低自我感受负担,是提高其自我护理能力的有效途径。Objective To explore the influencing factors of self-care ability in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),and to construct the structural equation model to provide reference for improving the patients′self-care ability.Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out on 608 elderly patients with COPD by using the general information questionnaire,Family Closeness and Adaptability Scale,Self-perceived Burden Scale and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Self-care Scale.The structural equation model was adopted to analyze the influencing factors of self-care ability and acting path.Results The total score of self-care ability of elderly patients with COPD was(92.75±12.45)points.The structural equation model results showed that socioeconomic status had a direct positive effect(β=0.285,P<0.05)and an indirect positive effect(β=0.245,P<0.05)on self-care ability,the family function had a direct positive effect on self-care ability(β=0.518,P<0.05),and the self-perceived burden had a direct negative effect(β=-0.131,P<0.05)and an indirect negative effect(β=-0.131,P<0.05)on self-care ability.Conclusion The self-care ability of elderly COPD patients is at a medium level,and there is a large space for improvement.It is an effective way to improve their self-care ability to pay attention to their social and economic status,enhance their family function and reduce their perceived burden.

关 键 词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病 家庭功能 自我感受负担 自我护理能力 结构方程模型 老年人 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]