高校职务发明利益分配的现实困境与优化路径  

The Realistic Dilemma and Optimization Path of Benefit Distribution of Inventions on Duty in Public Universities

作　　者：程智婷 邓建志[2] Cheng Zhiting;Deng Jianzhi(Intellectual Property Research Center of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073,China;Law School of Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学知识产权研究中心,武汉430073 [2]湖南师范大学法学院,长沙410081

出　　处：《科技与法律（中英文）》2024年第1期72-80,共9页Science Technology and Law（Chinese-English Version）

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助重点项目“《民法典》绿色原则视域下的专利制度变革研究”(21FFXA006)。

摘　　要：优化高校职务发明利益分配制度,既是完善知识产权权益分配机制的关键,也是完善科技创新体系的重点之一。高校职务发明利益分配制度面临分配对象混乱、分配比例失衡、分配方式僵化的现实困境。为充分发挥专利制度激励科技创新、促进成果转化和推动经济进步的效用,应以调动各利益主体积极性为根本,明晰高校职务发明利益分配规则:首先,以经济利益为纽带在投资主体、发明主体和转化主体间建立激励兼容的利益分配模式;其次,不设置固定的利益分配比例,在合理确定发明人利益占比的基础上,实现利益均衡分配;最后,明确利益分配基数的范畴,采用多元化的利益分配方式。Optimizing the benefit distribution system of job invention in public universities is not only the key to im-prove the distribution mechanism of intellectual property rights and interests,but also one of the key points to improve the scientific and technological innovation system.The benefit distribution system of job invention in public universi-ties is facing the real dilemma of confusing distribution objects,imbalanced distribution ratio and rigid distribution method.In order to give full play to the patent system to stimulate scientific and technological innovation,promote the transformation of achievements and promote economic progress,we should take the mobilization of the enthusiasm of the main body of interests as the fundamental,and clarify the rules for the distribution of the benefits of job-related in-ventions in public universities:firstly,to establish an incentive-compatible benefit distribution model among the in-vesting body,the inventing body and the transforming body based on economic interests;secondly,not to set a fixed benefit distribution ratio,but to realize a balanced distribution of benefits on the basis of reasonably determining the proportion of the benefits of the inventors;and lastly,to make clear the scope of the base figure for the distribution of benefits,and adopt a diversified way of distributing the benefits.

关 键 词：高校职务发明 权益分配机制 利益分配制度 成果转化 

分 类 号：D912[政治法律—法学]