安徽省安庆市涉禽外环境禽流感病毒监测分析  

Surveillance and analysis of avian influenza viruses in the external environment of poultry in Anqing City,Anhui Province

作　　者：吴照春[1] 黄旭 汪金生[1] 钱叶中 王进 陈几文 李雨欣 WU Zhaochun;HUANG Xu;WANG Jinsheng;QIAN Yezhong;WANG Jin;CHEN Jiwen;LI Yuxin(Anqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Anqing,Anhui 246005,China;Taihu County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Anqing,Anhui 246400,China;Wangjiang County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Anqing,Anhui 246200,China)

机构地区：[1]安庆市疾病预防控制中心,安徽安庆246005 [2]安庆市太湖县疾病预防控制中心,安徽安庆246400 [3]安庆市望江县疾病预防控制中心,安徽安庆246200

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2023年第11期1058-1062,共5页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：【目的】了解安徽省安庆市涉禽外环境中禽流感病毒污染情况,为预防控制人感染动物源性流感提供科学依据。【方法】采用单纯随机抽样方法,抽取安徽省安庆市10个县(市、区)共28家农贸市场/养殖场作为监测点。连续6周采集禽类粪便等相关标本。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应法检测甲型流感病毒核酸,对阳性标本再进行H5、H7、H9亚型禽流感病毒核酸检测。【结果】共采样426份,检测阳性113份,阳性率为26.53%。其中H9亚型104份,占92.04%。主城区和非主城区阳性率的差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)<0.01,P>0.05)。不同周次采集的标本阳性率的差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.57,P>0.05),但第3周与其他周次采集的标本阳性率的差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.89,P<0.05)。不同采样场所中,养殖场阳性率最高,为46.67%。不同来源标本中,禽类笼具表面擦拭标本阳性率最高,为34.78%。【结论】安庆市涉禽外环境中存在禽流感病毒。应加强监测和风险评估,降低外环境中病毒含量,减少人感染动物源性流感的风险。[Objective]To determine the prevalence of avian influenza viruses in the external environment of poultry in Anqing City,Anhui Province,and provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of animal-derived influenza in humans.[Methods]A total of 28 farmers’markets/farms in 10 counties(cities,districts)of Anqing City,Anhui Province,were selected as surveillance sites by simple random sampling strategy.Poultry faeces and other related samples were collected for 6 consecutive weeks.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to examine the nucleic acids of influenza A virus.Subtypes H5,H7,and H9 of avian influenza virus were further tested in the positive samples.[Results]A total of 426 specimens were collected,among which 113 tested positive with a positive rate of 26.53%.Among the positive specimens,104 were determined to be subtype H9,accounting for 92.04%.It did not significantly differ in the positive rate between the main and non-main urban areas(χ^(2)<0.01,P>0.05)or among the specimens collected in different weeks(χ^(2)=7.57,P>0.05).However,it significantly differed in the positive rate among the specimens collected in the third week and other weeks(χ^(2)=6.89,P<0.05).Furthermore,among the different sampling sites,farms had the highest positive rate of 46.67%.Among the specimens from different sources,the surfacecoated specimens from poultry cages had the highest positive rate of 34.78%.[Conclusion]Avian influenza viruses are prevalent in the external environment of poultry in Anqing City.It warrants strengthening the surveillance and risk assessment to reduce the virus transmission in the external environment and risk of human infection with animal-derived influenza.

关 键 词：外环境 禽流感病毒 监测 

分 类 号：R181.81[医药卫生—流行病学]