2019—2023年江苏省常州市流行性感冒流行特征分析  

Characterization of influenza epidemic in Changzhou City,Jiangsu Province from 2019 to 2023

作　　者：程凯丽 曹婧婧 郑献智 甄茜[2] 曹淦[2] 蒋霞[2] 吕旭峰 CHENG Kaili;CAO Jingjing;ZHENG Xianzhi;ZHEN Qian;CAO Gan;JIANG Xia;LYU Xufeng(Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211100,China;Changzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changzhou,Jiangsu 213002,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学,江苏南京211100 [2]常州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏常州213002

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2023年第11期1063-1067,共5页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：江苏省常州市社会发展支撑项目(CE20205032);常州市科技局应用基础研究项目(CJ20200031)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析2019—2023年江苏省常州市流行性感冒(简称“流感”)的流行强度和特征,为制订流感防控策略提供科学依据。【方法】通过中国流感监测信息系统收集常州市2019年4月—2023年3月流感监测哨点医院的监测数据,对常州市新型冠状病毒感染(简称“新冠”)流行前后的流感样病例(ILI)进行分析研究,采用χ^(2)检验比较定性资料间差异。【结果】常州市2019年4月—2023年3月的ILI就诊百分比分别为2.57%、1.84%、5.38%、3.66%,流感病毒阳性检出率分别为25.71%、0.44%、22.78%、24.32%,流感暴发疫情数分别为61起、1起、23起和128起。ILI主要以5~14岁的青少年和儿童为主。2020—2021年新冠流行后ILI就诊百分比明显低于2019—2020年(χ^(2)=737.34,P<0.001),2021—2023年ILI就诊百分比均高于2019—2020年。2019—2021年的流感病毒以乙型Victoria为主,2022—2023年流感病毒阳性检出中甲型流感病毒为优势毒株。2021—2022年流感暴发疫情数明显少于2019—2020年(χ^(2)=185.66,P<0.001),2022—2023年流感暴发疫情数明显高于2019—2020年。【结论】2019—2023年新冠防控不同阶段流感的流行特征不同,在新冠疫情动态清零阶段,ILI就诊呈现低水平波动,无明显季节性波动,且流感病毒阳性检出以乙型为主;新冠高强度流行阶段,ILI就诊水平达到历年高峰,流感病毒阳性检出以甲型H3N2型为主;新冠乙类乙管阶段,ILI就诊水平在迅速降低后升高,流感病毒阳性检出以甲型H1N1型为主。须进一步加强对流感病例的监测,密切关注流感毒株变化,积极推进重点人群流感疫苗接种,促进全人群健康行为改变。[Objective]To analyze the epidemic intensity and characteristics of influenza in Changzhou City,Jiangsu Province from 2019 to 2023,and to provide scientific evidence for the formulation of influenza prevention and control strategies.[Methods]The surveillance data of influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Changzhou City from April 2019 to March 2023 were collected through the China influenza surveillance information system.Influenza-like illness(ILI)cases before and after the pandemic of COVID-19 in Changzhou City were analyzed,and the differences among qualitative data were compared by using χ^(2) test.[Results]From April 2019 to March 2023 the percentages of ILI cases’medical visits in the four-influenza surveillance year were 2.57%,1.84%,5.38%,and 3.66%,respectively,and the positive detection rates of influenza virus were 25.71%,0.44%,22.78%,and 24.32%,respectively.The number of influenza outbreaks was 61,1,23,and 128,respectively.ILI cases were mainly among adolescent children aged 5-14 years.The percentage of ILI cases in 2020-2021 after the pandemic of COVID-19 was significantly lower than that in 2019-2020(χ^(2)=737.342,P<0.001),and the percentage of ILI cases in 2021-2023 was higher than that in 2019-2020.Influenza viruses in 2019-2021 were dominated by type B Victoria,and influenza A virus was the dominant strain in positive influenza virus detections in 2022-2023.The number of influenza outbreaks in 2021-2023 was significantly lower than that in 2019-2020(χ^(2)=185.662,P<0.001).[Conclusion]The epidemiological characteristics of influenza are different in different stages of COVID-19 prevention and control during 2019-2023.In the dynamic clearance phase of COVID-19,ILI case’s medical visits showed low-level fluctuations without obvious seasonal fluctuations,and influenza virus was dominated by type B.In the high-intensity phase of the pandemic,the level of ILI case’s medical visits has reached the peak of the calendar year,and the positive detection of influenza virus was dominated by type

关 键 词：流行性感冒 新型冠状病毒感染 流感样病例 防控措施 

分 类 号：R18[医药卫生—流行病学] R511.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]