新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株流行期儿童热性惊厥的临床特征及预后  

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of febrile convulsions in children during the epidemic period of novel coronavirus Omicron variant

作　　者：吴蕾 江杰 胡宇敏 王鑫[1] 杨菡洁 石家云 Wu Lei;Jiang Jie;Hu Yumin;Wang Xin;Yang Hanjie;Shi Jiayun(Department of Pediatrics,Changsha Central Hospital Affiliated to University of South China,Changsha 410000,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学附属长沙中心医院儿科,长沙410000

出　　处：《中国医师杂志》2023年第12期1806-1810,共5页Journal of Chinese Physician

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金(2019JJ80108)。

摘　　要：目的评估新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株流行期儿童热性惊厥(FS)的临床特征及预后。方法回顾性分析2022年2月1日至2023年1月31日就诊于南华大学附属长沙中心医院儿科诊断为FS患儿的临床资料,比较Omicron变异株感染所致的FS患儿(观察组)与非Omicron变异株感染所致的FS患儿(对照组)的临床特征及预后。结果观察组131例,对照组341例;观察组12~<36月龄患儿比例低于对照组(P<0.05),≥60月龄患儿比例高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组FS大多发生在发热24 h内(128/131,97.7%),与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且大多为全面强直-阵挛发作(127/131,96.9%),大多病程中仅有1次惊厥发作(114/131,87.0%),符合单纯性FS的特征。观察组FS患儿临床症状主要表现为上呼吸道感染(108/131,82.5%),比例明显高于对照组(164/341,48.1%),而下呼吸道感染的发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。电话或门诊随访369例患儿,观察组98例,2例出现复发,≥60月龄组未出现复发;对照组共随访271例,9例复发。结论感染新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株后致儿童FS的病例数激增,且晚发型FS患者比例明显增高,绝大部分表现为上呼吸道感染,惊厥多在发热24 h内出现,预后较好。Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of febrile convulsions(FS)in children during the epidemic period of novel coronavirus Omicron variant.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of pediatric patients diagnosed with FS at Changsha Central Hospital Affiliated to University of South China from February 1,2022 to January 31,2023.The clinical characteristics and prognosis of FS patients caused by Omicron variant infection(observation group)were compared with those caused by non Omicron variant infection(control group).Results A total of 131 cases in the observation group and 341 cases in the control group;The proportion of children aged 12-36 months in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the proportion of children aged≥60 months was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Most of the FS in the observation group occurred within 24 hours of fever(128/131,97.7%),with a statistically significant difference compared to the control group(P<0.05),and most of them were generalized tonic clonic seizures(127/131,96.9%),with only one seizure during the course of the disease(114/131,87.0%),consistent with the characteristics of simple FS.The main clinical symptoms of FS patients in the observation group were upper respiratory tract infections(108/131,82.5%),which were significantly higher than those in the control group(164/341,48.1%),while the incidence of lower respiratory tract infections was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).369 pediatric patients were followed up by phone or outpatient visits,with 98 cases in the observation group and 2 cases experiencing recurrence.There was no recurrence in the group aged≥60 months;A total of 271 cases were followed up in the control group,with 9 cases experiencing recurrence.Conclusions The number of children with FS caused by novel coronavirus Omicron variant has increased sharply,and the proportion of late onset FS patients has increased significantly.Most of them are upp

关 键 词：惊厥 发热性 儿童 奥密克戎变异株 

分 类 号：R720.597[医药卫生—急诊医学]