新中国体育外交的转折:1976年蒙特利尔争议——基于国外档案文献的他者视角考察  

The Turning Point of Sports Diplomacy in New China:The 1976 Montreal Controversy--An Investigation from the Perspective of Others Based on Foreign Archival Documents

作　　者：霍传颂[1] 郝勤[2] HUO Chuan-song;HAO Qin(School of Foreign Languages,Chengdu Sport University,Chengdu 610041,China;Sports History Institute,Chengdu Sport University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]成都体育学院外国语学院,四川成都610041 [2]成都体育学院体育史研究所,四川成都610041

出　　处：《广州体育学院学报》2023年第3期36-44,共9页Journal of Guangzhou Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目(19ZDA350)。

摘　　要：1976年蒙特利尔奥运会在世界体育史上极具划时代意义,其对蒙特利尔所造成的财政危机不仅改变了奥运会发展和举办模式,针对“中国代表权”这个话题更是让国际奥委会、加拿大、美国、中国以及中国台湾地区都卷入到了复杂的政治争议中,产生了重大的历史影响。由于新中国未参加这届奥运会,这个全世界围绕中国产生的政治争议的事件在国内鲜有记载。运用最新解密的来自英国、加拿大外交部、美国国务院和中情局以及国际奥委会等英文原始档案,从“他者”视角聚焦“中国代表权”“蒙特利尔争议”的历史背景、进程经过,考察该国际体育事件发生的历史渊源、与当时的国际关系的相互影响、涉及的各利益攸关方的政治诉求、外交考量、斡旋博弈、最终结果对国际奥委会、中美、中加关系所产生的深刻影响,及对中国体育外交走向的转折性改变。The 1976 Montreal Olympic Games was of great epoch-making significance in world sports history.The financial crisis it caused to Montreal not only changed the development and hosting mode of the Olympics,but,from a political and diplomatic perspective,the topic of“China's representation”,also involved the International Olympic Committee,Canada,the United States,China,and Chinese Taiwan in complex political disputes,which had a significant historical impact.Due to the fact that New China did not participate in this Olympic Games,the political controversy surrounding China around the world is rarely recorded domestically.Using the latest declassified English original files from the UK,the Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs,the State Department,the CIA of the USA and the International Olympic Committee,the historical background and process of the“Montreal Controversy”focusing on the“representation of China”from the perspective of“others”,the historical origin of the international sports event,how it interacted with the international relations at that time,the political demands of all stakeholders involved,diplomatic considerations The profound impact of the mediation game and its final outcome on the International Olympic Committee,China US,and China Canada relations,as well as the turning point changes in China's sports diplomacy.

关 键 词：新中国 体育外交 蒙特利尔争议 他者视角 

分 类 号：G80[文化科学—运动人体科学]