永磁电机电磁振动及变开关频率振动抑制技术试验探究  

Experimental research on PWM technique for vibration reduction in PM motor

作　　者：洪剑锋 曹君慈[1] 刘亚静[1] HONG Jianfeng;CAO Junci;LIU Yajing(School of Electrical Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学电气工程学院,北京100084

出　　处：《电机与控制学报》2023年第12期52-61,共10页Electric Machines and Control

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2022RC010)。

摘　　要：针对变频器驱动的永磁电机电磁振动特点,采用时域、频域均方根值及1/3倍频程值评价了周期和随机开关频率脉宽调制方案对永磁电机高频电磁振动性能的影响。首先理论分析变频器供电下的电机电磁场和电磁力特性,然后介绍常用的周期开关频率和随机开关频率高频电磁振动抑制原理,最后在一台永磁电机上对两种抑制技术进行全方位的评价和试验验证,结果表明,采用变频器供电时,电机电磁振动会引入显著的开关频率及其倍数附近谐波分量,采用周期和随机开关频率的方案虽然能够降低开关频率电磁振动的幅值,但会增加其他振动频谱分量。相比于传统的固定开关频率方式,无论从整个时域上的均方根值,还是频域上的均方根值和1/3倍频程值,两种技术方案下电机电磁振动均会增加,抑制效果有限。The effects of periodic and random switching frequency pulse width modulation schemes on high frequency electromagnetic vibration of permanent magnet motor were experimentally analyzed from the time domain,frequency domain and 1/3 octave range value of the vibration.Firstly,the electromagnetic field and electromagnetic force characteristics of the motor were theoretically calculated and analyzed.Then,the high-frequency electromagnetic vibration suppression principles of the common periodic switc-hing frequency and random switching frequency were introduced.Finally,two suppression technologies were tested and verified in detail on a permanent magnet motor.The results show that when the motor is fed by the inverter,the electromagnetic vibration of the motor will introduce significant harmonic compo-nents near the switching frequency and its multiples.Although in the schemes the amplitude of electro-magnetic vibration of switching frequency is reduced,other vibration spectrum components are increased.Compared with the traditional fixed switching frequency mode,the electromagnetic vibration of the motor under the two technical schemes will increase the root mean square value in time domain and 1/3 octave range value in the frequency domain,and there is no suppression effect.

关 键 词：永磁同步电机 电磁力 高频电磁振动 周期开关频率 随机开关频率 振动削弱 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]