广西普通野生稻种质资源抗褐飞虱评价与SSR遗传多样性分析  

Evaluation of brown planthopper resistance and genetic diversity of Oryza rufipogon Griff.in Guangxi

作　　者：郭辉 陈灿 夏秀忠 杨行海 梁树辉 张晓丽 徐志健 农保选 张宗琼 冯锐 GUO Hui;CHEN Can;XIA Xiu-zhong;YANG Xing-hai;LIANG Shu-hui;ZHANG Xiao-li;XU Zhi-jian;NONG Bao-xuan;ZHANG Zong-qiong;FENG Rui(Rice Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding,Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区农业科学院水稻研究所/广西水稻遗传育种重点实验室,南宁530007

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2023年第11期2301-2310,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32160436);广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22068087⁃2);广西重大科技创新基地建设项目(2022⁃36⁃Z01)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究76份广西普通野生稻种质对褐飞虱的抗性与遗传多样性,为优异抗性水稻种质资源的合理利用提供参考依据。【方法】对来自临桂、贵港、邕宁、博白、横州、扶绥、玉林和防城港8个居群的76份广西普通野生稻种质资源进行苗期抗褐飞虱鉴定,利用筛选出的62对SSR引物对供试材料进行遗传多样性分析,采用Structure ver 2.3.4进行群体遗传结构分析,并构建聚类图,利用GenAlEx 6.5分析居群间的遗传分化系数和基因流,并进行不同类群的分子方差分析。【结果】广西普通野生稻种质资源褐飞虱抗性鉴定表明,表现为高抗、抗、中抗、中感的材料分别有7、34、31和4份。遗传多样性分析中,76份材料中共检测到669个等位基因,平均每个位点含10.79个等位基因,等位基因数变幅为4~19个,其中稀有等位基因348个,占总数的52.02%,平均每个位点含5.613个;主要等位基因频率变异范围在0.158~0.855,平均为0.373;Nei’s基因多样性指数(He)变异范围为0.260~0.894,平均为0.754;多态信息含量(PIC)的变异范围为0.248~0.885,平均值为0.727。8个居群He表现为防城港>邕宁>贵港>博白>扶绥>横县>玉林>临桂,种质褐飞虱抗性与居群纬度和He无显著相关性(P>0.05),居群纬度与居群He的相关系数r为-0.822,达显著水平(P<0.05)。遗传结构分析显示,K=3时,供试种质可分为3个类群,与聚类分析结果相似;8个居群两两之间有85.71%的居群间表现为中等程度的遗传分化;基因流分析表明,防城港、博白、邕宁居群之间及贵港与扶绥之间基因交流频繁。AMOVA分析表明,遗传变异来源主要为个体内与个体间,群组间的变异比例较小。【结论】76份广西普通野生稻种质对褐飞虱表现出较好抗性与丰富的遗传多样性,结合现代分子生物学技术鉴定新的褐飞虱抗性基因和优异等位基因,并转育创新抗性新种质,可用于培育多抗优质水稻品种�【Objective】The present paper aimed to explore the resistance and genetic diversity of 76 common wild rice germplasm resources to brown planthopper in Guangxi,and to provide reference for the rational utilization of excellent resistant rice germplasm resources.【Method】The resistance to brown planthopper at seedling stage was identified in 76 common wild rice germplasm resources from 8 populations in Lin⁃gui,Guigang,Yongning,Bobai,Hengzhou,Fusui,Yulin and Fangchenggang.The genetic diversity of the tested materials was analyzed u⁃sing 62 SSR primers and population genetic structure was analyzed using Structure ver 2.3.4,and cluster diagram was constructed.The ge⁃netic differentiation coefficient and gene flow among populations were analyzed by GenAlEx 6.5,and molecular variance analysis was per⁃formed for different populations.【Result】7 materials showed high resistance,34 materials were resistant,31 materials were moderately re⁃sistant,and 4 materials were moderately susceptible.In the genetic diversity analysis,669 alleles were detected in the 76 materials,with an average of 10.79 alleles per locus,and the allelic variation ranged from 4 to 19,including 348 rare alleles,accounting for 52.02%of the total,with an average of 5.613 per locus;The main allele frequency variation ranged from 0.158 to 0.855,with an average of 0.373.Nei’s genetic diversity index(He)gene ranged from 0.260 to 0.894 with an average of 0.754,and the variation of polymorphic information con⁃tent(PIC)ranged from 0.248 to 0.885 with an average of 0.727.He of the eight populations was:Fangchenggang>Yongning>Guigang>Bobai>Fusui>Hengzhou>Yulin>Lingui,and resistance was not significantly correlated with population latitude and He(P>0.05),and the correlation coefficient(r)between population latitude and population He was-0.822,reaching a significant level(P<0.05).When K=3,the tested germplasms could be divided into 3 groups,similar to the results of cluster analysis;85.71%of the eight populations showed moderate genetic differ

关 键 词：普通野生稻 抗褐飞虱 SSR 遗传多样性 广西 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]