基于全细胞生物传感器的污染物生物有效性评估研究进展  

Research progress of whole-cell biosensor-based assessment of pollutant bioavailability

作　　者：谷彩文 朱一 林瀚 张小凯 王震宇 GU Caiwen;ZHU Yi;LIN Han;ZHANG Xiaokai;WANG Zhenyu(School of Environment&Ecology,Jiangnan University,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学环境与生态学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第1期96-105,共10页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42107245);中国博士后科学基金项目(2021M701455)。

摘　　要：环境污染是威胁生态系统和人类健康的重要问题。环境中污染物的检测和风险评估对于确定环境污染治理方案至关重要。全细胞生物传感器为环境中污染物的风险评估提供了一种灵活、快速且经济、有效的方法,其在检测多种污染物的生物有效性方面表现出了卓越的能力。全细胞生物传感器的性能主要取决于其构建因素,如调控基因、报告基因和宿主菌株;同时,试验条件也会对其性能产生较大影响。本文通过介绍全细胞生物传感器的分类及工作原理,并综述利用全细胞生物传感器评估环境中重金属和有机污染物生物有效性的研究进展,为相关领域的研究提供参考。Environmental pollution has increasingly become a major problem that threatens ecosystems and human health.The detection and risk assessment of contaminants in the environment are crucial to formulate management approaches that address environmental pollution.Whole-cell biosensors offer a flexible,rapid and cost-effective approach for environmental risk assessment,and have demonstrated superior capabilities in detecting the bioavailability of a wide range of contaminants.The performance of whole-cell biosensors depends mainly on the construction factors,such as regulatory genes,reporter genes and host strains,and are also subject to experimental conditions.This review elaborated the classification and working principle of whole-cell biosensors,and its research progress on assessing the bioavailability of heavy metals and organic pollutants in the environment,aiming to provide a reference for the research related to environmental risk assessment fields.

关 键 词：全细胞生物传感器 有机污染物 重金属 生物有效性 环境生物技术 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程]