渤海口虾蛄时空分布及其主要影响因子的空间异质效应  

Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Oratosquilla oratoria in Bohai Sea and Spatial Heterogenity Effects of Its Major Controlling Factors

作　　者：胡贝尔 韩青鹏 关丽莎 徐开达[4] Hu Beier;Han Qingpeng;Guan Lisha;Xu Kaida(Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Resources and Ecological Environment,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;College of Fisheries,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province,Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province,Zhoushan 316021,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [3]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [4]浙江省海洋水产研究所浙江省海洋渔业资源可持续利用技术研究重点实验室,浙江舟山316021

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期73-83,共11页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划项目(2019YFD0901204);浙江省海洋渔业资源可持续利用技术研究重点实验室开放课题项目(2020KF006)资助。

摘　　要：为精准预测口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)时空分布,本研究基于2017年春季(4-6月)和秋季(9-11月)在渤海逐月底拖网渔业资源调查数据,采用地理加权回归模型,分析了渤海口虾蛄的时空分布及其主控环境因子的空间异质效应。研究表明,影响渤海口虾蛄密度分布的主控环境因子存在一定的季节差异。春季,按贡献率大小主控环境因子依次为底温(BT)、底质粒径分布的峰度等级(Ord_Kt)、水深(Depth)和平均粒径等级(Ord_Mz);秋季,主控环境因子依次为Ord_Mz、Depth和Ord_Kt。春季,BT对口虾蛄密度分布的局部效应系数均为正值,在BT梯度较大的莱州湾和辽东湾效应系数更大;在Ord_Mz为2~4、平均粒径约为3~6Φ、底质类型主要为极细砂、粗粉砂和中粉砂的辽东湾和莱州湾湾口,口虾蛄密度随Ord_Mz增大而增加;相反,在Ord_Mz为4~5、平均粒径约为5~7Φ、底质类型主要为中粉砂和细粉砂的莱州湾和渤海中部,口虾蛄密度随Ord_Mz增大而减小。秋季,Ord_Mz对口虾蛄密度分布的局部效应系数均为正值,在渤海湾其效应系数相对较大。在春、秋两季,水深的局部效应系数以正值为主,负值出现在水深相对较深的辽东湾及其湾口以北水域(多在25 m以深)。春季,莱州湾及渤海中部近岸水域的口虾蛄密度最高;秋季,其高密度区广泛分布于渤海湾和渤海中部近岸水域。本研究有助于准确预测渤海口虾蛄的分布,为其渔业资源的精细化管理提供了科学基础。For accurate prediction of the spatiotemporal distribution of Oratosquilla oratoria,we analyzed the influencing factors of the density distribution of O.oratoria and their spatially heterogeneous effects in Bohai Sea based on monthly bottom trawl survey data of fishery resources conducted in Bohai Sea in spring(April-June)and Autumn(September-November)of 2017 using geographically weighted regression(GWR)models.The results suggested that there are some seasonal differences in the main controlling environmental factors affecting the density distribution of O.oratoria in Bohai Sea.In spring,the main control environmental factors in order of contribution were bottom temperature(BT),the kurtosis grade of the sediment particle size distribution(Ord_Kt),the sea water depth(Depth)and the average particle size grade(Ord_Mz).In autumn,the main control environmental factors were Ord_Mz,Depth and Ord_Kt in order of contribution.In spring,the local effect coefficients of BT on the density distribution of O.oratoria were all positive,and the positive effect was stronger in Laizhou Bay and Liaodong Bay where the BT gradient was larger.In Liaodong Bay and the mouth of Laizhou Bay where Ord_Mz was 2~4,the average particle size was about 3~6Φ,and the substrate type was mainly very fine sand,coarse silt and medium silt,the density of the O.oratoria increased with increasing Ord_Mz.On the contrary,in Laizhou Bay and central Bohai Sea where Ord_Mz was 4~5,the average particle size was about 5~7Φ,and the substrate type was mainly medium silt and fine silt,Ord_Mz had a negative effect.In autumn,the effects of Ord_Mz on the density distribution of O.oratoria were all positive,and the effect coefficients were relatively larger in Bohai Bay.In both spring and autumn,the effect of BT was mainly positive,and the negative effect appeared in deeper water areas(mostly at depths greater than 25 m)such as Liaodong Bay.Considering the influence of the main controlling environmental factors,the predicted density of O.oratoria in spring was the h

关 键 词：口虾蛄 密度分布 环境因子 空间异质效应 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]