信息化、妇女地位和家庭收入——基于城乡差异的视角  

Informatization, Women’s Status and Household Income: Based on the Perspective of Urban-Rural Differences

作　　者：许秀川[1] 魏浩龙 XU Xiuchuan;WEI Haolong

机构地区：[1]西南大学经济管理学院,重庆400715 [2]杜克大学经济学和计算机科学系,美国北卡罗来纳州达勒姆市27708

出　　处：《深圳社会科学》2024年第1期109-125,共17页Social Sciences in Shenzhen

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“乡村振兴视域下脱贫摘帽地区内生发展能力提升的适宜路径与精准政策研究”(21AGL029);中央高校基本科研业务专项资金项目“人力资本积累对老龄化劳动力流失补偿的测度与模拟研究”(SWU1909203)。

摘　　要：利用CFPS2014年、2016年、2018年三年面板数据,探索信息化(互联网使用)对城乡妇女地位的影响,特别是分析城乡妇女地位提升能否促进妇女收入、丈夫收入和家庭收入增长及在城乡中该影响所呈现的差异性。研究发现,互联网使用显著提升了妇女的社会地位。使用互联网的妇女在家庭中倾向于承担更少的无偿家务劳动、拥有家庭决策权并参与社会劳动。同时,妇女地位提升显著提高了妇女收入、丈夫收入和家庭收入。从城乡差异的角度观察,互联网使用促进农村妇女地位提升的程度更大,城镇妇女的地位提升对于妇女、丈夫及家庭收入的影响更大。进一步检验妇女地位提升促进丈夫收入增长的中介效应,结果表明妇女地位提高可以促进丈夫工作晋升,即促进丈夫参与行政管理,从而提高丈夫收入。从城乡对比来看,农村妇女参与社会劳动促进丈夫升迁进而提高丈夫收入的作用更加明显。为避免婚姻门当户对等内生性因素的干扰,本文使用了工具变量做进一步估计,结果证实妇女地位对于丈夫收入具有正向的因果关系。This paper uses three-year CFPS panel data for 2014,2016,and 2018 to explore the impact of informatization(Internet use)on the status of women in urban and rural areas,and in particular,to analyze whether the advancement of women in urban and rural areas can contribute to the growth of women’s income,husband’s income,and household income and the variability of this impact in urban and rural areas.The results show that,overall,Internet use significantly improves women’s social status,resulting in less unpaid household work,decision-making power in the household,and participation in social work.At the same time,women’s advancement significantly increased women’s income,husband’s income,and household income.By the comparison between urban and rural areas,the role of rural women participating in labor market in promoting husband’s promotion and thus increasing husband’s income is more obvious.To avoid the influence of endogenous factors such as marital status,we used instrumental variables for further estimation,and the results confirmed a positive causal relationship between women’s status and husband’s income.This paper further tests the mediating effect of women’s advancement in promoting husbands’income growth,and the test results show that women’s advancement promotes husbands’job promotion(participation in administration),which increases husbands’income.The findings of this paper are not only useful for understanding the relationship between women’s advancement and micro household income growth,but also beneficial for advancing women’s career in the information age,especially for the advancement of rural women.

关 键 词：妇女地位 妇女收入 丈夫收入 家庭收入 互联网使用 

分 类 号：F063.4[经济管理—政治经济学]