餐厨有机肥对设施菜地土壤理化性质的影响  

Effect of kitchen organic fertilizer on the physical andchemical properties of soil in protected vegetable fields

作　　者：徐四新[1] 严谨[2] 诸海焘[1] 蔡树美[1] 张德闪[1] 金海洋[2] XU Sixin;YAN Jin;ZHU Haitao;CAI Shumei;ZHANG Deshan;JIN Haiyang(Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201106;Shanghai Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center,Shanghai 201103)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所,上海201106 [2]上海市农业技术推广服务中心,上海201103

出　　处：《浙江农业科学》2024年第1期90-94,共5页Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(2022-02-08-00-12-F01101)。

摘　　要：为探讨餐厨有机肥对设施菜地土壤理化性质的影响,使用商品有机肥料为对照,开展了设施菜地餐厨有机肥的田间试验。结果显示,施用餐厨有机肥料可提高蔬菜产量5.3%~11.6%,增产效果和商品有机肥无显著差异。餐厨有机肥可提高设施菜地土壤有机质含量25.5%~31.8%、土壤速效氮含量8.6%~11.3%、土壤有效磷含量3.1%~12.6%、土壤速效钾含量6.5%~8.2%,但餐厨有机肥和商品有机肥处理间土壤有机质、速效氮、有效磷和速效钾含量均未出现显著差异;餐厨有机肥处理的菜地土壤可溶性总盐含量提高4.0%~5.8%,但餐厨有机肥和商品有机肥处理间无显著差异;餐厨有机肥可以提高土壤水稳性大团聚体(R0.25)含量9.9~14.5百分点,餐厨有机肥和商品有机肥处理之间无显著差异。总的来看,餐厨有机肥料和普通商品有机肥的肥效基本类似;餐厨有机肥可提高设施菜地土壤有机质、速效养分和土壤水稳性大团聚体(R0.25)含量,其效果和商品有机肥料基本相似;餐厨有机肥料可导致土壤可溶性总盐含量小幅上升,但上升幅度和商品有机肥料无明显差异。To investigate the effect of kitchen organic fertilizer on the physical and chemical properties of soil in protected vegetable fields,field experiments were conducted using commercial organic fertilizer as a control.The results showed that applying kitchen organic fertilizer could increase vegetable yield by 5.3%-11.6%,with no significant difference in yield increase compared with the commercial organic fertilizer.Kitchen organic fertilizer can increase the soil organic matter content of protected vegetable fields by 25.5%-31.8%,soil available N content by 8.6%-11.3%,soil available P content by 3.1%-12.6%,and soil available K content by 6.5%-8.2%.However,there was no significant difference between kitchen organic fertilizer and commercial organic fertilizer treatments.The total soluble salt content of vegetable soil treated with kitchen organic fertilizer increased by 4.0%-5.8%,but there was no significant difference between kitchen organic fertilizer and commercial organic fertilizer treatments.Kitchen organic fertilizer increased the content of soil water stable macroaggregates(R 0.25)by 9.9-14.5 percentage points,and there was no significant difference between kitchen organic fertilizer and commercial organic fertilizer treatments.Overall,the fertilizer efficiency of kitchen organic fertilizers was basically similar to that of ordinary commercial organic fertilizers.Kitchen organic fertilizer increased the content of organic matter,available nutrients,and water stable large aggregates(R 0.25)in the soil of protected vegetable fields,and its effect was basically similar to that of commercial organic fertilizers.Kitchen organic fertilizers caused a small increase in the total soluble salt content of the soil,but the increase was not significantly different from commercial organic fertilizers.

关 键 词：餐厨有机肥 设施菜地 土壤理化性质 土壤水稳性团聚体 

分 类 号：S14[农业科学—肥料学]