双向订单模式下水稻秸秆饲料化及基料化利用新模式的探索与实践  

Exploration and Practice of the New Model of Rice Straw Feed and Base Material Utilization under the Bidirectional Order Mode

作　　者：张克红 陈虹[2] 曹黎明[3] 程灿[3] 周继华[3] 牛付安[3] 储黄伟[3] 张安鹏 朱建华[4] 况慧云 孙滨 ZHANG Kehong;CHEN Hong;CAO Liming;CHENG Can;ZHOU Jihua;NIU Fuan;CHU Huangwei;ZHANG Anpeng;ZHU Jianhua;KUANG Huiyun;SUN Bin(Shanghai Sanglei Vegetable and Fruit Planting Professional Cooperative,Shanghai 200135,China;Fengxian District Agrotechnology Extension Center,Shanghai 201499,China;Institute of Crop Breeding and Cultivation,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China;Shanghai Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center,Shanghai 201103,China)

机构地区：[1]上海桑磊蔬果种植专业合作社,上海200135 [2]上海市奉贤区农业技术推广中心,上海201499 [3]上海市农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所,上海201403 [4]上海市农业技术推广中心,上海201103

出　　处：《作物研究》2023年第6期650-654,共5页Crop Research

基　　金：上海市水稻产业技术体系建设项目(沪农科产字(2023)第3号)。

摘　　要：上海市水稻种植面积约为9.34万hm^(2),水稻秸秆绝大部分直接还田。为解决大量秸秆还田导致的土地自然发酵能力不足问题,上海桑磊蔬果种植专业合作社探索了水稻秸秆综合利用新途径,建立了以水稻打捆机为核心的水稻秸秆饲料化和基料化技术体系,形成以畜禽养殖场/菌类种植基地—合作社—水稻种植农户的双向订单模式的完整产业链。日平均处理秸秆250 t,年平均与上海各相关牧场签订销售订单6 000 t,平均每年可解决667 hm^(2)水稻秸秆的饲料化和基料化利用。该模式是一个可复制、可推广的水稻秸秆高效利用模式,既保护上海大城市郊区环境,合作社也有客观的经济收益,实现了生态效益和经济效益统一。详细介绍了双向订单模式下水稻秸秆饲料化及基料化利用新模式的系统过程及取得的成效。The rice planting area in Shanghai is about 9.34 million hm^(2),and the vast majority of rice straw is directly returned to the field.To solve the problem of insufficient natural fermentation capacity of land caused by the return of a large amount of straw to the field over the years,Shanghai Sanglei Vegetable and Fruit Planting Professional Cooperative had explored a new approach to the comprehensive utilization of rice straw.Established a rice straw feed and substrate technology system with rice bundling machines as the core,and formed a complete industrial chain with a two-way order model of livestock and poultry market/mushroom planting base-cooperative-rice planting farmers.The average daily processing of straw was 250 tons,and the average annual sales orders signed with relevant pastures in Shanghai were 6000 tons.On average,it can solve the feed and substrate utilization of 667 hm^(2) of rice straw every year.This model was a replicable and promo-table efficient utilization model of rice straw,which not only protected the environment in the suburbs of Shanghai,but also had a certain economic output from cooperatives,achieving a unity of ecological and economic benefits.This article provided a detailed introduction to the system process and achievements of the new model of rice straw feed and substrate utilization under the bidirectional order mode.

关 键 词：水稻秸秆 饲料化 基料化 双向订单模式 

分 类 号：S511.09[农业科学—作物学] F323.4[经济管理—产业经济]