礼、乐文化与先秦戏剧关系考论  

Study on the Relationship between Ritual and Music Culture and Pre-Qin Drama

作　　者：万志祎 Wan Zhiyi(Faculty of Teacher Education,Harbin Normal University,Harbin,Heilongjiang,150025)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学教师教育学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《语文学刊》2023年第6期78-84,共7页Journal of Language and Literature Studies

基　　金：哈尔滨师范大学博士科研启动金项目“礼乐文化背景下周代贵族世俗生活研究”(2022-KYYWF-0196);2022年黑龙江省哲学社会科学基金项目“巫史传统与早期中国的叙事研究”(22ZWB262)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：戏剧的起源是一个复杂又多元的问题,一种戏类的产生是漫长发展的结果。提到戏剧史料各家都以“巫觋”“优孟衣冠”“傩礼”等学说为开端,承认《诗经》《楚辞》具有戏剧的样式,而提到戏剧正史却是“宋元说”为缘起,不禁令人费解。戏剧的主要因素有扮演(演员)、音乐和舞蹈。和着音乐,扮演角色,表演故事即是戏剧。演员是戏剧的灵魂,没有演员便没有戏剧。通过考证史料证明原始仪式是歌舞和戏剧的起源,原始歌舞包含着戏剧的形态。象乐的本质是戏剧的雏形,是综合的艺术形式。戏剧从原始歌舞走来,在严格的礼乐教化下被压抑,在战国礼乐被僭越的形式下蓄势待发,不断发展,一步步在漫长的历史长河中积蓄能量,吸收不同元素,逐渐走向成熟。The origin of drama is a complex and problem.The production of a drama must be the result of a long development.As mention to the historical materials of dramas,all the experts start with the theories of“Wizard”,“Clothes of You Meng”and“Nuo Ceremony”,end with the the styles of dramas recognized by the Book of Songs and the Songs of Chu.However,when it comes to the history of dramas,it is hard to understand that the origin of the drama is in Song and Yuan Dynasty.Through the textual research of historical materials,it can be proved that dramatic elements can be found in Pre-Qin Era.Pre-Qin Era was an era when the ritual and music prevailed.The rituals and musical culture also affected the development of the dramas in Pre-Qin Era.The strict rules of the rituals and music suppressed the development of the dramas in Pre-Qin Era.When the education of rituals and music turned from flourishing to declining,the drama in Pre-Qin Era gradually added new elements and began to enrich itself.

关 键 词：戏剧 先秦戏剧 礼乐文化 戏剧起源 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]