弹性岔枕力学特性及刚度设置方案研究  

Research on Mechanical Performance and Optimal Stiffness of Bearers with Under Sleeper Pads

作　　者：宁娜 尤瑞林 王树国 刘伟斌 NING Na;YOU Ruiin;WANG Shuguo;LIU Weibin(Railway Engineering Research Institute,CARS,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道建筑》2023年第12期35-39,共5页Railway Engineering

基　　金：中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基金(2021YJ075)。

摘　　要：为研究道岔区采用弹性轨枕对轨道结构力学性能的影响,通过建立车辆-道岔耦合动力学模型,分析了长岔枕与普通混凝土轨枕力学性能的差异,并在此基础上揭示了弹性岔枕垫层刚度对道床力学特性及列车过岔动力性能的影响,确定合理的垫层刚度设置方案。结果表明:在直向过岔条件下,长岔枕辙叉对应位置的道床应力最大值达到3.54 MPa,是普通轨枕的2.01倍;基本轨下垫层刚度为0.27 N/mm^(3)、辙叉下垫层刚度为0.18 N/mm^(3)时,左右轮下道床应力差最小,建议按该方案进行弹性岔枕设计;采用弹性岔枕后,辙叉区投影面积下方道床顶面的应力降低23.1%,左右轮下道床顶面动位移差减小30.8%,可有效改善列车的过岔动力性能,减少道岔区道床应力,延缓道床的劣化。This article delves into a study investigating the impact of employing under sleeper pads(USPs)in turnout areas on the mechanical performance of the track structure.Through the establishment of a train-turnout coupling dynamic model,the research analyzes the mechanical performance differences between bearers and concrete sleepers.Moreover,it reveals the influence of the stiffness of the USPs on the track-bed mechanical performance and the dynamic performance of trains passing through turnouts.The study proposes a rational settings for configuring USPs stiffness.Results indicate that under straight crossing conditions,the maximum track-bed stress at the corresponding position of the frog reaches 3.54 MPa,surpassing regular sleepers by 2.01 times.Optimal design for USPs recommends 0.27 N/mm³under straight stock rail and 0.18 N/mm³under the frog,which minimizing stress differentials under the left and right wheels.Implementation of USPs reduces stress on the track-bed top surface beneath the frog’sprojection area by 23.1%,and vertical displacement differences on the top surface under the left and right wheels decrease by 30.8%,effectively enhancing train passing dynamics,mitigating track-bed stress in the turnout area,and delaying track-bed degradation.

关 键 词：道岔 弹性岔枕 数值模拟 垫层刚度设计 力学性能 道床应力 

分 类 号：U213.37[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]