高速铁路钢轨磨耗对动车组动力学性能的影响  

Influence of High Speed Railway Rail Wear on Dynamic Performance of EMU

作　　者：杨光 刘丰收 成棣 周韶博 李英奇 李晨光 YANG Guang;LIU Fengshou;CHENG Di;ZHOU Shaobo;LI Yingqi;LI Chenguang(Metals and Chemistry Research Institute,CARS,Beijing 100081,China;Railway Science&Technologies Research&Development Center,CARS,Beijing,100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道科学技术研究发展中心,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道建筑》2023年第12期46-50,共5页Railway Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFB2603402);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(K2021G015);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基金(2021YJ262)。

摘　　要：基于长期跟踪测试结果,分析了高速铁路直线和曲线线路钢轨磨耗规律,并结合钢轨磨耗特征拟合出典型钢轨廓形,建立基于实测参数的动车组车辆系统动力学模型,仿真分析了钢轨磨耗对车辆运行稳定性和平稳性的影响。结果表明:高速铁路直线与大半径曲线线路磨耗速率基本相当,磨耗和磨耗范围均随通过总质量增加而增大;小半径曲线线路钢轨以上股侧面磨耗为主要特征,曲线半径越小则钢轨磨耗越严重,采用更高强度等级的钢轨可使磨耗速率降低70%左右,能够有效延长钢轨使用寿命;直线线路钢轨垂向磨耗对车辆运行稳定性和平稳性的影响总体上较小,各项车辆运行稳定性指标均远低于限值,等效锥度和横向平稳性随钢轨垂向磨耗增加而略有增大;曲线线路钢轨磨耗对车辆系统横向动力学性能影响明显,磨耗接近限值时构架横向加速度相对于无磨耗时增大80%以上。Based on long-term tracking test results,the wear patterns of high speed railway straight and curved track rails were analyzed,and typical rail profiles were fitted by combining rail wear characteristics.A dynamic model of high speed train vehicle system based on measured parameters was established,and the impact of rail wear on vehicle operation stability and smoothness was simulated and analyzed.The results show that the wear rate of straight and large radius curved high speed railway lines is basically the same,and the wear and wear range both increase with the increase of the total passing mass.The main feature of high speed railway with small radius curve lines is the wear on the upper side of the steel rail.The smaller the curve radius,the more severe the wear on the steel rail.Using higher strength grade steel rails can reduce the wear rate by about 70%,effectively extending the service life of the steel rail.The impact of vertical wear of straight track rails on vehicle operation stability and smoothness is generally small,and all vehicle operation stability indicators are far below the limit values.The equivalent conicity and lateral stability slightly increase with the increase of vertical wear of rails.The wear of curved track rails has a significant impact on the lateral dynamic performance of vehicle systems.When the wear is close to the limit value,the lateral acceleration of the frame increases by more than 80%compared to that when there is no wear.

关 键 词：高速铁路 钢轨 试验研究 数值仿真 动力学性能 垂向磨耗 侧面磨耗 磨耗速率 

分 类 号：U213.42[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]