职业性别隔离的再生产与挑战:“货拉拉”女性货运司机的平台劳动研究  

Reproduction of and Negotiation in Gender⁃Based Occupational Segregation:Platform Labor Research of“Huolala”Female Truck Drivers

作　　者：陈阳 刘睿睿 CHEN Yang;LIU Rui-rui(Research Center of Journalism and Social Development,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Department of Sociology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,Zhejiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学新闻与社会发展研究中心,北京100872 [2]浙江大学社会学系,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《妇女研究论丛》2023年第6期47-60,共14页Journal of Chinese Women＇s Studies

基　　金：中国人民大学“双一流”建设马克思主义新闻观创新研究(项目编号:MXG202303)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：平台经济的发展虽孕育出一种全新的用工机制,但并不意味着性别不平等的束缚被自动解除。通过研究“货拉拉”女性货运司机的平台劳动,本文发现,受制于平台性别化的劳动身体规训、庇护性别偏见的工作环境以及无保障的风险处境,性别隔离和不平等状况仍在平台场域中再现。尽管如此,在男性主导的职业中,女性也展现了她们的韧性,通过重构“吃苦”的意义、灵活的性别气质操演以及利用媒介赋权等方式,女性货运司机撬动了挑战职业性别隔离的空间。通过对女性货运司机这一“职业性别少数”群体平台劳动境遇的探索,本文不仅有助于更好把握职业性别隔离和性别不平等状况在平台社会语境下的动态发展,也有助于从性别维度增加对平台工作质量和不稳定问题的理解。Although the development of the platform economy has given birth to a new employment mechanism,it does not mean that the shackles of gender inequality will be automatically lifted.This study joins the discussion on this issue through the platform labor research of“Huolala”female truck drivers.The analysis shows that gender⁃based occupational segregation is still being reproduced in the plat⁃form economy,arising from the platform's gendered body discipline,work environment that shelters gendered bias,and existence of risk with insecure situations.Nonetheless,women have also demonstrated their resilience in this male⁃dominated occupation,as research re⁃veals that female truck drivers resist by reframing the meaning of“toil,”tactically negotiating gendered norms,and leveraging the mes⁃sage of empowerment in media.Based on these findings,this study not only enriches the understanding of the dynamics of gender⁃based occupational segregation and gender inequality in the platform economy,but also highlights the impact of gender on labor precarity.

关 键 词：职业性别隔离 数字劳动平台 女性货运司机 

分 类 号：C913.2[经济管理]