澳大利亚饮用水水质标准概述及探讨  

Introduction and Discussions on Drinking Water Quality Standard of Australia

作　　者：刘则华 李颖强[1,2] 陈飒 吴颖娟 梁景堂 党志 LIU Ze-hua;LI Ying-qiang;CHEN Sa;WU Ying-juan;LIANG Jing-tang;DANG Zhi(School of Environment and Energy,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China;Key Lab Pollution Control&Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Cluster,Ministry of Education,Guangzhou 510006,China;Zhongshan Public Water Investment Co.Ltd.,Zhongshan 528403,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学环境与能源学院,广东广州510006 [2]华南理工大学工业聚集区污染控制与生态修复教育部重点实验室,广东广州510006 [3]中山公用水务投资有限公司,广东中山528403

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2023年第24期30-33,共4页China Water & Wastewater

摘　　要：随着人民生活水平的日益提高,饮用水水质安全受到越来越高的关注,而科学合理的饮用水水质标准是保证饮用水安全的基础。对澳大利亚饮用水水质标准进行概述和探讨,以期为我国的饮用水水质标准制订提供参考。澳大利亚现行生活饮用水水质标准共分为三类,即微生物指标、放射性指标以及物理化学指标,其中微生物指标仅限大肠杆菌一项,而放射性指标为α和β放射性两项,物理化学指标则高达256项,其中144项为农药指标。这些水质指标既设定了健康限值,还设定了人体感官限值,即该水质标准既考虑了人体健康风险,又兼顾了人的感官,其中大部分依据异味化学物质的异味阈值而确定。此外,澳大利亚生活饮用水水质标准还包含一些新污染物,这是未来生活饮用水水质标准的新趋势,但相关指标和限值还有待进一步探讨。With the increasing development of people's living standards,the safety of drinking water quality has become a hot topic,scientific drinking water quality standards are an important basis for guaranteeing the safety of drinking water.The paper provides an overview and discussion of the drinking water quality standards in Australia,with the aim of providing useful references for the development of drinking water quality standards in China.The drinking water quality standards of Australia are divided into three categories:microbiological,physical and chemical,and radiological items.For microbiological indicator,there is only one item for E.coli,while radiological items are α and β activity.As for physical and chemical items,there are a total of 256 indicators,including 144 pesticide items.Both health and sensory limited values have been set for the physical and chemical items,taking into consideration both health risks and odor or taste problems,with most of them based on the odor threshold of odorous chemicals.In addition,the Australian drinking water quality standards include some emerging contaminant,which represent the trend for future drinking water quality standards.However,further discussion is needed regarding the emerging contaminant items and their guideline values.

关 键 词：澳大利亚 生活饮用水 水质标准 农药 新污染物 异味化学物质 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]