人参的化学成分与转化机理研究进展  

Research Progress of Chemical Composition of Ginseng and Its Transformation Mechanism

作　　者：刘伟 刘永博 王梓[1] 李伟[1] LIU Wei;LIU Yongbo;WANG Zi;LI Wei(College of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;College of Pharmacy,Beihua University,Jilin 132013,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学中药材学院,长春130118 [2]北华大学药学院,吉林132013

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2023年第6期664-673,共10页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：国家高层次人才特殊支持计划项目(万人计划);吉林省中青年领军创新人才支持计划项目(20200301037RQ);长春市科技发展计划项目(21ZGY11);吉林省第十七批创新创业人才资助项目(No.82)。

摘　　要：人参是我国大宗药材之一,可作为医用和营养价值颇高的首选药材,它的滋补效果以及对多种疾病的防治作用备受研究学者的青睐和推崇。有研究表明,人参具有大补元气、补脾益肺和安神明目之功效,其含有的皂苷类、多糖、挥发油、氨基酸、聚乙炔类以及多种其他微量元素等活性成分是发挥其药效的重要物质基础。随着现代分离及分析技术的发展,人参各种化学成分得到进一步的发现,文章总结归纳了人参的化学成分,明确不同部位、参龄和产地之间的化学成分差异,并对加工前后过程中化学成分的变化机理进行综述,以期为深度挖掘人参潜在价值,促进其生理活性物质在医药健康产业等方面的深度开发提供物质基础。Panax ginseng is one of the bulk medicinal materials in china,and can be used as the first medicinal material with high medical and nutritional value.Research has shown that Panax ginseng has the effects of invigorating vitality,invigorating spleen and benefiting lungs,and soothing mind and eyesight.The active ingredients it contains,such as saponins,polysaccharides,volatile oils,amino acids,polyacetylenes and other various trace elements,are also important to exert its medicinal effects.With the continuous development of modern separation and analysis techniques,various chemical components of ginseng have been further discovered.This study summarizes the chemical components of ginseng,and clarifies the differences in chemical components between different parts,years and places of origin.It reviews the mechanism of changes in chemical composition during pre-and post-processing processes,with the aim of providing a material basis for deeply exploring the potential value of ginseng and promoting the in-depth development of its physiologically active substances in the pharmaceutical and health industries.

关 键 词：人参 化学成分 人参皂苷 提取分离技术 转化机理 

分 类 号：S567.51[农业科学—中草药栽培] R284[农业科学—作物学]