基于有机硅改性聚氨酯/二氧化硅的超疏水棉织物制备及其性能分析  

Preparation and performance analysis of superhydrophobic cotton fabrics based on silicone-modified polyurethane/silica

作　　者：尚轲 任文君 徐天祺 张佳文[1,2,3] 易玲敏[1,2,3] SHANG Ke;REN Wenjun;XU Tianqi;ZHANG Jiawen;YI Lingmin(College of Textile Science and Engineering(International Institute of Silk),Ministry of Education,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing&Finishing of Textiles,Ministry of Education,Ministry of Education,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology,Ministry of Education,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院),杭州310018 [2]浙江理工大学生态染整技术教育部工程研究中心,杭州310018 [3]浙江理工大学先进纺织材料与制备技术教育部重点实验室,杭州310018

出　　处：《浙江理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第1期82-90,共9页Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22078305)。

摘　　要：为提高水性聚氨酯整理棉织物的疏水性,采用侧链型聚二甲基硅氧烷与硅烷偶联剂KH550制备交联型水性有机硅改性聚氨酯(WSPU)乳液,然后将疏水二氧化硅(SiO_(2))粒子的分散液喷涂在经WSPU浸轧整理的棉织物表面,制备得到基于WSPU/SiO_(2)的超疏水棉织物。考察KH550的质量分数对WSPU乳液烘干后所得乳胶膜性能的影响,探讨了WSPU与SiO_(2)复合整理棉织物的结构与性能之间的关系。结果表明:当KH550的质量分数为3.0%时,WSPU乳胶膜具有良好的机械性能与疏水性。当SiO_(2)分散液的质量分数为1.0%时,WSPU与SiO_(2)复合整理后的棉织物表面富集硅元素且具有微纳复合结构,织物水接触角达151.8°,滚动角为4.8°,呈现较好的自清洁性能与抗黏附性能;由于复合涂层与纤维间存在物理作用及化学键合,WSPU与SiO_(2)复合整理棉织物具有优异的耐水洗牢度,经20次水洗后水接触角仅下降3.0°。该研究为制备性能稳定的超疏水织物提供了参考。To improve the hydrophobic property of cotton fabrics finished with waterborne polyurethane,a cross-linked waterborne silicone-modified polyurethane(WSPU)emulsion was prepared by using side chain polydimethylsiloxane and silane coupling agent KH550,followed by spraying hydrophobic silica particle(SiO_(2))dispersion on the surface of the WSPU dipped-rolled cotton fabrics to produce WSPU/SiO_(2)finished superhydrophobic cotton fabrics.We investigated the effect of KH550mass fraction on the properties of the latex films obtained after drying WSPU emulsion and the relationship between the structure and properties of the WSPU/SiO_(2)finished cotton fabrics.The results showed that when the mass fraction of KH550was 3.0%,the WSPU latex films had good mechanical properties and hydrophobicity.When the mass fraction of SiO_(2)dispersion was 1.0%,the surface of the WSPU/SiO_(2),composite finished cotton fabrics was enriched with silicon elements and had a micro-nano composite structure,the water contact angle of the fabric reached 151.8°and the sliding angle was 4.8°,showing good self-cleaning and anti-adhesive properties.Due to the physical force and the chemical interaction between the composite coating and the fibers,the composite finished cotton fabrics had excellent water washing durability,the water contact angle only decreased by 3.0°after 20washing tests.This study provides reference for the preparation of superhydrophobic fabrics with stable properties.

关 键 词：超疏水 棉织物 自清洁 二氧化硅 有机硅改性聚氨酯 

分 类 号：TS195.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]