论社会主义市场经济中的垄断与反垄断  

On Monopoly and Anti-Monopoly in Socialist Market Economy

作　　者：周绍东 陈艺丹 ZHOU Shaodong;CHEN Yidan(School of Marxism,Wuhan University,Wuhan,China,430072)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《中国经济问题》2023年第5期30-42,共13页China Economic Studies

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题招标项目(21JZD008)。

摘　　要：垄断企业的行为普遍趋向保守,但垄断也具有适应社会化大生产和促进企业创新的积极作用。社会主义市场经济存在垄断具有必然性。本文区分了国家战略导向、地方保护导向和经济利润导向三种垄断类型,对社会主义市场经济中垄断的二重性效应进行了分析,结论表明:国家战略导向型垄断出于维护国家发展和安全的战略需要,构成了中国特色宏观经济治理的重要方面,对于保障国民经济体系的独立稳定运行具有重要意义。地方保护导向型垄断以推动地方经济发展为主要目的,曾在我国经济高速增长过程中扮演了重要角色,但当前已对国内大循环和全国统一大市场的建立构成严重制约。经济利润导向型垄断源于经济利润最大化目标的驱使,既存在有利于规模生产和技术创新的积极一面,也存在资本野蛮生产和无序扩张的消极一面。辩证地理解和把握社会主义市场经济各种垄断的形成根源和复杂影响,为在中国式现代化进程中制定中国特色产业政策和区域协调发展战略提供了理论依据。The behavior of monopolistic enterprises generally tends to be conservative,but monopolies also have a positive role in adapting to socialized production and promoting enterprise innovation.The existence of a monopoly in the socialist market economy is inevitable.This article distinguishes three types of monopolies:national strategic orientation,local protection orientation,and economic profit orientation,and analyzes the dual effects of monopolies in the socialist market economy.The conclusion indicates that the national strategic oriented monopoly which is driven by the need of maintaining national development and security,constitutes an important aspect of macroeconomic governance with Chinese characteristics and is of great significance for ensuring the independent and stable operation of the national economic system.The local protection oriented monopoly’s main purpose is to promote the development of the local economy.It once played an important role in the rapid economic growth of China.However,now it has seriously restricted the domestic systemic circulation and the establishment of the unified national market.The economic profit oriented monopoly is driven by maximizing economic profits,which has both positive aspects conducive to scale production and technological innovation and negative aspects of barbaric capital production and disorderly capital expansion.Dialectically understanding the fundamental causes and complex impacts of various monopolies in the socialist market economy would provide a theoretical basis for formulating industrial policies with Chinese characteristics and regional coordinated development strategies in the Chinese path to modernization.

关 键 词：垄断 反垄断 规制政策 中国特色宏观经济治理 

分 类 号：F123.9[经济管理—世界经济]