元素改性铝化物涂层研究进展  

Research Progress of Element Modified Aluminide Coatings

作　　者：吴志海 孟国辉 刘梅军 杨冠军[1] WU Zhihai;MENG Guohui;LIU Meijun;YANG Guanjun(State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials,Xi’anJiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《材料保护》2024年第1期96-110,共15页Materials Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFB2010403)资助。

摘　　要：铝化物涂层在高温环境中服役时形成Al_(2)O_(3)膜,从而有效地提高了部件的抗高温氧化和耐热腐蚀性能,延长了部件服役寿命,因此其成为燃气轮机热端部件的重要热防护涂层。然而,单一铝化物涂层在服役时易出现富铝态的β-NiAl相向贫铝态的γ-Ni_(3)Al相的相变,使涂层中的Al含量降低,导致涂层难以持续形成致密Al_(2)O_(3)膜。对利用元素改性(如Si、Cr、Co、Pt、Pd和稀土)提高铝化物涂层的抗高温氧化和耐热腐蚀性能进行了概述,指出Pt元素能同时促进Al元素氧化成致密的Al_(2)O_(3)膜和提高氧化膜的抗剥落能力,对铝化物涂层的高温性能改性效果最好;基于单元素改性效果,发展了多种元素(二元和三元)共改性铝化物涂层,以Pt与阻碍涂层与基体间元素扩散的元素或抑制相变元素的共同改性能更有效提高铝化物涂层的性能;最后,未来改性铝化物涂层的发展趋势可能是Pt与稀土或其他元素更高元共改性(四元或五元)。Aluminide coatings have become an important thermal protection coating for the hot-end components of gas turbines. This is due to its ability to form an Al_(2)O_(3) film when in high-temperature service, which effectively improves the components' resistance to high-temperature oxidation and thermal corrosion, thereby prolonging their service life. However, the phase transition of the aluminum-rich β-NiAl phase to the aluminum-poor γ-Ni_(3)Al phase of the single aluminide coating is prone to occur during service, which reduces the Al content in the coating and makes it difficult for the coating to continuously form a dense Al_(2)O_(3) film. In this paper, the use of element modification(such as Si, Cr, Co, Pt, Pd, and rare earth elements) to improve the high-temperature oxidation and thermal corrosion performance of aluminide coatings was summarized. Among these, the Pt element was found to simultaneously promote the oxidation of the Al element into dense Al_(2)O_(3) film and improve the anti-peeling ability of the oxide film, thus having the best modification effect on the high-temperature performance of the aluminide coating. Based on the effect of single-element modification, the researchers developed multiple elements(binary and ternary) co-modified aluminide coatings. The performance of aluminide coatings could be improved more effectively by the co-modification of Pt and elements that hindered the diffusion of elements between the coating and the substrate or inhibited phase change elements. Finally, the future development trend of modified aluminide coatings might have been higher co-modification(quaternary and pentagonal) of Pt with rare earth or other elements.

关 键 词：铝化物涂层 元素改性 高温氧化 热腐蚀 

分 类 号：TG174.4[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]