儿童上呼吸道感染咽拭子标本细菌培养结果及耐药性分析  

Bacterial Culture Results and Drug Resistance Analysis of Pharyngeal Swab Specimens from Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Children

作　　者：王锐杰 李璐璐[1] WANG Rui-jie;LI Lu-lu(Clinical laboratory,Henan Huanghe S&T College Affiliated Hospital,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]河南黄河科技学院附属医院检验科,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《罕少疾病杂志》2024年第1期39-41,共3页Journal of Rare and Uncommon Diseases

基　　金：2020年民办普通高等学校学科专业建设项目资助专业-临床医学(教办政法[2020]162号)。

摘　　要：目的探究某院儿童上呼吸道感染咽拭子标本细菌培养结果及耐药性。方法将2019年8月~2022年9月河南黄河科技学院附属医院收治的上呼吸道感染患儿1053例纳入研究,所有患儿均进行咽拭子标本细菌培养与药敏试验,分析其培养结果及耐药性。结果咽拭子标本涂片质量中,A级共125例,阳性率49.6%;B级共531例,阳性率16.01%;C级共305例,阳性率6.23%;D级92例,阳性率1.09%。1053例咽拭子标本检出阳性167例,检出率为15.86%(167/1053),其中革兰阳性菌检出121株,检出率为72.46%(121/167),革兰阴性菌检出46株,检出率为27.54%(46/167)。本次无真菌检出。革兰阳性菌中金黄色葡萄球菌检出率最高为88.43%,革兰阴性菌中大肠埃希菌检出率最高为43.48%。金黄色葡萄球菌对红霉素耐药性最高,为74.77%,对万古霉素、替考拉宁的敏感性均为100%;铜绿假单胞菌对氨苄西林耐药性最高,为100%,对环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、美洛培南敏感性均为100%。大肠埃希菌对左氧氟沙星耐药性最高,为50%。病原菌耐药菌种的年度趋势分析中,以金黄色葡萄球菌为主,趋势为先增后降,2021年检出率最高;其次为大肠埃希菌,2019年~2021年间分布较为平均,呈现逐年散发态势。肺炎链球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、阴沟肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、流感嗜血菌为年度无序点状发散(P>0.05)。结论对URTI患儿咽拭子细菌培养及药敏试验,可明确敏感抗生素,提高临床抗菌药用药合理性及安全性。Objective To investigate the results of bacterial culture of pharyngeal swab specimens and drug resistance of upper respiratory tract infections in children in a hospital.Methods 1053 cases of children with upper respiratory tract infections admitted to Henan Huanghe S&T College Affiliated Hospital from August 2019 to September 2022 were included in the study,and all children underwent bacterial culture and drug sensitivity tests on pharyngeal swab specimens to analyze their culture results and drug resistance.The quality of the pharyngeal swab smears showed a total of 125 cases of grade A,with a positive rate of 49.6%;531 cases of grade B,with a positive rate of 16.01%;305 cases of grade C,with a positive rate of 6.23%;and 92 cases of grade D,with a positive rate of 1.09%.167 positive pharyngeal swab specimens were detected in 1053 cases,with a detection rate of 15.86%(167/1053),of which Gram-positive bacteria were detected in 121 strains,with a detection rate of 72.46%(121/167)and 46 strains of Gram-negative bacteria,with a detection rate of 27.54%(46/167).No fungi were detected.The highest rate of detection was 88.43%for S.aureus among Gram-positive bacteria and 43.48%for Escherichia coli among Gram-negative bacteria.Staphylococcus aureus had the highest resistance to erythromycin at 74.77%and 100%susceptibility to vancomycin and teicoplanin.Pseudomonas aeruginosa had the highest resistance to ampicillin at 100%and 100%susceptibility to ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin and meropenem.Escherichia coli had the highest resistance to levofloxacin at 50%.The annual trend analysis of pathogenic bacteria resistant strains was dominated by Staphylococcus aureus,with a trend of increasing followed by decreasing,with the highest detection rate in 2021,followed by Escherichia coli,with a more even distribution between 2019 and 2021,showing a yearly epidemiological trend.Streptococcus pneumoniae,Staphylococcus haemolyticus,Enterobacter cloacae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae,and Haemophilus influenzae had an annual

关 键 词：上呼吸道感染 儿童 咽拭子 细菌培养 耐药性 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]