古典传统与美国早期关于联邦制的辩论  

Classical Tradition and the Debate on the Federalism in Early America

作　　者：赵辛阳 ZHAO Xinyang(School of History,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu Anhui 241002,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学历史学院,安徽芜湖241002

出　　处：《安徽师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期48-57,共10页Journal of Anhui Normal University(Hum.&Soc.Sci.)

摘　　要：美国革命以前,联邦共和国的范例稀缺,所以古代城邦联盟的历史成为美国建国精英构想联合形式的有限材料之一。支持1787年宪法的联邦主义者从古代城邦联盟历史中汲取经验教训,认为美国联邦政府应该在组织原则上加以创新,联邦权力的来源和执行对象应该是人民,而非各州州权机构。同时在辩论中联邦主义者将自己关于古代城邦联盟的历史叙事展现给公众,传导给公众一种历史观,消解传统联邦共和国理念的权威性,唤醒公众危机意识,从而让公众产生对新政体的认同感。此外,这种政治话语能够在情感上凝聚美国人,推动美国早期的国族构建。透过这一现象的考察,可以发掘出古典传统文化流变的特征。Before the American Revolution,since there had been few models of the federal republic,the history of an-cient confederacies had become among the limited resources to which the founders could recourse.The federalists who endorsed the Constitution of the United States(1787)had drawn lessons from the ancient history of ancient confederacies,believing that the principles of the Federal Government should be renewed.They argued that the source and implementation of federal power should be the people,the state authorities of individual states."At the same time,during the debate,the Federalists,in their debates,presented their historical narrative of the ancient con-federacies to the people.They conveyed their historical views to the people,undermining the authority of the tradi-tional concept of the federal republic to awaken the public's sense of crisis and generate public identification with the new political system.Moreover,this political discourse had the ability to emotionally unite Americans and propel the early construction of the American nation.Through an examination of this phenomenon,one can uncover the char-acteristics of the transformation of classical traditional culture.

关 键 词：古典传统 联邦制 美国宪法 联邦主义者 古代城邦联盟 

分 类 号：D73[政治法律—政治学]