氨基糖苷类药物的耳毒性机制和耳保护策略研究进展  

Research Progress in Ototoxicity Mechanisms and Ear Protection Strategies of Aminoglycosides

作　　者：陈晨 韩京宏 聂国辉[2,3] CHEN Chen;HAN Jinghong;NIE Guohui(Hengyang Medical School,University of South China/Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Shenzhen Second People′s Hospital,Hengyang 421001,China;Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanozymes and Translational Cancer Research,Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine/Department of Otolaryngology,Shenzhen Second People′s Hospital,Shenzhen 518035,China;Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics/State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics,Shenzhen 518035,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学衡阳医学院深圳市第二人民医院协作培养基地,湖南衡阳421001 [2]深圳市第二人民医院耳鼻咽喉科深圳市转化医学研究院深圳市纳米酶肿瘤转化医学重点实验室,广东深圳518035 [3]北京大学深圳研究院广东省化学基因组学重点实验室肿瘤基因组学国家重点实验室,广东深圳518035

出　　处：《医学综述》2023年第24期5801-5805,共5页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82000982,81970875,82192865)。

摘　　要：氨基糖苷类药物(AGs)所致耳毒性的机制探究与保护策略逐渐成为耳科领域关注的热点之一。AGs主要通过血液系统穿过血迷路屏障后进入内外淋巴,再从内外淋巴进入毛细胞发挥耳毒性作用。近年来,有关AGs损伤的耳保护策略研究热点可分为以下3个方面,首先可以通过降低AGs的耳毒性但保留其高效杀菌性,其次可以阻止AGs进入毛细胞,最后还可以通过阻断AGs在毛细胞内的损伤作用靶点发挥其内耳毛细胞保护作用。但AGs所致听力损失的防治仍未取得重大突破,更多的AGs损伤作用机制亟待进一步研究,为未来治愈AGs所致听力损失提供新的研究方向。The mechanism exploration and protective strategies of ototoxicity caused by aminoglycoside drugs(AGs)have gradually become a hot topic in the field of otology.AGs mainly cross the blood-vagus barrier via the blood system and enter the internal and external lymph and from there into the hair cells to exert ototoxic effects.In recent years,the research hotspots regarding ear protection strategies for AGs injury can be sorted into three aspects:first,reducing the ototoxicity of AGs while maintaining their potent bactericidal properties;second,blocking the entry of AGs into the hair cells;and finally,blocking the target of AGs damage in the hair cells to exert their protective effects on the hair cells of the inner ear.However,the prevention and treatment of AGs-induced hearing loss has not yet achieved a major breakthrough,and more mechanisms of AGs damage need to be further investigated to provide new research directions for the cure of AGs-induced hearing loss in the future.

关 键 词：氨基糖苷类药物 耳毒性 耳保护 基因治疗 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]