田-沟-塘系统纳洪减污效应研究进展  

Research Progress on the Effect of Flood Control and Pollution Reduction in Field-Ditch-Pond System

作　　者：时红 才硕 孙占学[1] 时元智[3] 赵树君 雷少华 SHI Hong;CAI Shuo;SUN Zhan-xue;SHI Yuan-zhi;ZHAO Shu-jun;LEI Shao-hua(East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;Jiangxi Central Station of Irrigation Experiment,Nanchang 330201,China;Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China;China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443000,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学,南昌330013 [2]江西省灌溉试验中心站,南昌330201 [3]南京水利科学研究院,南京210029 [4]三峡大学,湖北宜昌443002

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2024年第1期16-22,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31960377);江西水利科技项目(202124ZDKT29,202325ZDKT01,KT201630,202123BZKT04,202123BZKT05);江西省科技计划项目(20133BBF60048)。

摘　　要：针对南方地区水资源时空分布不均、水旱灾害频发且极端气候加剧、农业用水效率不高且面源污染严重等水安全问题,探讨稻田、排水沟、塘堰组成的灌溉排水系统(简称田-沟-塘系统)的调蓄纳洪、协同减污效应,以期为灌区雨洪调蓄和节水减排提供理论参考。从灌区雨洪调蓄实际出发,对当前田-沟-塘系统的国内外研究工作和发展进行总结,对田-沟-塘系统承纳洪水、输水蓄水、优化调水、协同防控氮磷流失等基础理论和关键技术等问题进行阐述,提出了田-沟-塘系统的“虚拟水库”模式及其纳洪效应的模型模拟方法。目前关于田-沟-塘系统调水控水的研究还普遍停留在净化水质单方面效用上,水量调蓄方面则多以研究稻田、排水沟、塘堰单个体的水平衡过程为主,缺少田-沟-塘系统联合调度的系统研究,如何提高灌区粮食生产过程中雨洪调蓄利用仍缺乏系统思维和技术手段。未来的研究要进一步拓展和丰富田-沟-塘系统雨水调蓄利用和协同减污功能,揭示稻田作为“隐形蓄水池”的蓄水潜力以及田-沟-塘系统的调洪削峰减污能力。Aiming at the water security problems such as uneven spatial and temporal distribution of water resources,frequent floods and droughts and extreme weather intensified,low efficiency of agricultural water use,and serious non-point source pollution in southern China,we will discuss the effects of flood storage and synergistic pollution reduction,particularly in relation to the irrigation and drainage system composed of paddy field,drainage ditch,and pond(also known as field-ditch-pond system).Our goal is to provide theoretical reference for rainwater storage and water saving and emission reduction in irrigation areas.In this article,we summarize the current research work and development of the field-ditch-pond system at home and abroad for rainwater storage in irrigation areas.We explain the basic theories and key technologies of accepting floods,water conveyance and storage,optimizing water diversion,and collaborative prevention and control of nitrogen and phosphorus loss on the field-ditch-pond system.We also propose the′virtual reservoir′model of the field-ditch-pond system and model simulation method of its flood storage effect.At present,the research on water diversion and control in field-ditch-pond systems which still generally stays on the unilateral utility of purifying water quality,and the research on water regulation mainly studies the water balance process of single individual research of paddy field,drainage ditch,pond,but lack the systematic research on joint scheduling of field-ditch-pond system,and also lack systematic thinking and technical means for how to improve the rainwater storage and utilization in the process of grain production in the irrigation area.Future research should further expand and enrich the rainwater storage and utilization and collaborative pollution reduction functions of the field-ditch-pond system,and reveal the water storage potential of the paddy field as an′invisible reservoir′and the flood peak shaving and pollution reduction capacity of the field-ditch-pond sy

关 键 词：田-沟-塘 灌溉排水 蓄水调洪 协同减污 雨洪资源 灌区雨洪调蓄 虚拟水库 纳洪减污 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]