2021年北京市成年居民营养健康知识现状及相关因素研究  

Study on nutritional health knowledge and its correlation factors among residents in Beijing,2021

作　　者：于博 马蕊[1] 喻颖杰[1] 段佳丽[1] 张炎[1] YU Bo;MA Rui;YU Yingjie;DUAN Jiali;ZHANG Yan(Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,100013

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2023年第5期296-299,共4页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的 了解北京市18~64岁居民营养健康知识现状并探索相关因素。方法 依托2021年中国居民营养健康知识知晓率调查,选取北京市7区18~64岁居民进行问卷调查。使用国家统一问卷、遵循统一赋分原则计算得分,通过统一原则确定知晓界值并计算知晓率。以二元logistic回归探索知晓率的相关因素。结果 北京市18~64岁居民营养健康知识知晓率为27.0%,各年龄段人群知晓率均高于国家相同年龄段水平。其中城区(34.3%)高于郊区(23.9%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=27.446,P<0.001),文化程度为大专及以上的人(32.1%)高于高中及以下的(21.7%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=32.701,P<0.001),健康知识获取渠道数量为5类及以上的人(49.4%)高于渠道数量为l~2类(17.5%)和3~4类的人(30.2%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=158.737,P<0.001)。二元logistic回归显示,知晓率的相关因素为年龄(OR_(45~<55岁)=1.488,95%CI:1.035~2.140)、地区(OR_(城区)=1.425,95%CI:1.154~1.761)、文化程度(OR_(大专及以上)=1.410,95%CI:1.120~1.776)和健康知识获取渠道数量(OR_(3~4类)=1.966,95%CI:1.586~2.437和OR_(5类及以上)=4.392,95%CI:3.416~5.645)。结论 北京市成年居民营养健康知识水平较高,但仍需关注居住在郊区的高龄、低学历人群,应多渠道开展营养宣传教育,提高北京市居民营养健康知识水平。Objective To investigate the status of nutritional health knowledge and its correlation factors among residents aged 18-64 in Beijing.Methods Based on China Nutritional Health Knowledge Survey in 2021,residents aged 18-64 from 7 districts in Beijing were selected to take a questionnaire survey.The score of nutritional health knowledge,the threshold value of nutritional health knowledge and the awareness rate were calculated according to national unified principle.Binary logistic regression was used to explore the correlation factors of awareness rate.Results The awareness rate of nutritional health knowledge among residents aged 18-64 years in Beijing was 27.0%,and the awareness rate of all age groups was higher than the national level of the same age group.The awareness rate in urban(34.3%)was higher than that in suburban(23.9%)with statistical difference between different area(χ^(2)=27.446,P<0.001),those with college degree and above(32.1%)higher than those with high school degree and below(21.7%),there was significaut difference between different education level(χ^(2)=32.701,P<0.001).The awareness rate in residents who had 5 or more channels to obtain health knowledge(49.4%)was higher than those who had 1-2 channels(17.5%)and 3-4 channels(30.2%)with statistical differences among different number of channels(χ^(2)=158.737,P<0.001).Binary logistic regression result showed that the correlation factors of awareness rate were age(OR_(45-<55)=1.488,95%CI:1.035-2.140),area(OR_(urban region)=1.425,95%CI:1.154-1.761),education level(OR_(college and above)=1.410,95%CI:1.120-1.776)and the number of channels to obtain health knowledge(OR_(3-4 categories)=1.966,95%CI:1.586-2.437 and OR_(≥5 categories)=4.392,95%CI:3.416-5.645).Conclusions The nutritional health knowledge level of adult residents in Beijing is relatively high,but attention should still be paid to the elderly and low-educational people living in suburban areas.Nutritional publicity and education should be carried out through multiple channels to improve

关 键 词：成年居民 营养健康知识 知晓率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]