降低制度性交易成本如何影响城市间技术要素流转——基于政府服务与专利技术市场流动路径的分析  

How does Reduction of the Institutional Transaction Cost Affect Circulation of Technology Factors among Cities:Based on Government Services and Patent Technology Market Flow Paths

作　　者：刘大勇[1,3] 徐晓轩 李妍 胡秋阳[2] 段文斌[2] Liu Dayong;Xu Xiaoxuan;Li Yan;Hu Qiuyang;Duan Wenbin(College of Management and Economics,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;School of Economics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China;Research Center for National Intellectual Property Strategy Implementation,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Suqian Science and Technology Information Center,Suqian 223800,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学管理与经济学部,天津300072 [2]南开大学经济学院,天津300071 [3]天津大学国家知识产权战略实施研究基地,天津300072 [4]宿迁市科技信息中心,江苏宿迁223800

出　　处：《财经研究》2023年第11期110-124,共15页Journal of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(21CJL009)。

摘　　要：实现区域间技术要素的联通、转移与高效配置,需要破除阻碍技术要素自由流动的体制机制障碍。文章基于技术要素市场化配置机理,结合政府职能转变视角,通过观测199个城市之间技术要素流动的39402种可能的路径,构建城市间“匹配流动模型”,实证分析了降低制度性交易成本对城市间技术要素流动的影响。论证指出:降低制度性交易成本可以使创新主体建立广泛的交流合作,促进技术要素的创造、运用及转化,实现其经济价值。从城市层面来看,具有较低制度性交易成本的城市能够吸引更多技术要素流入,该城市的技术要素也会更多地被其他城市接收。同时,城市间技术要素流动存在显著的“协同效应”和“虹吸效应”,即技术要素会更多在制度性交易成本较低的城市之间流动,并且制度性交易成本相对较低的城市的技术要素净流出更少。进一步的作用机制分析表明,当地理距离和交通基础设施等客观因素导致的交通运输成本较低时,降低制度性交易成本可以更显著地促进技术要素在城市间流动。此外,当城市所处地区的创新创业活跃程度较高,对技术要素的需求较大时,降低制度性交易成本可以更加显著地促进技术要素流动及供需匹配。文章在一定程度上为“科斯定理”在技术市场中的应用提供了新的证据,探析了针对技术要素配置的科斯定理的内涵,可以为当前推动政府职能转变和优化公共服务提供理论依据,并为促进技术要素自主有序流动的改革举措提供政策参考。As"knowledge products",technology factors are the intellectual output formed by long-term exploration of technology innovation talents(teams).Therefore,the market transaction of technology factors requires extensive and flexible cooperation between market entities and technological innovation talents(teams).Based on the mechanism of market allocation of technological factors,from the perspective of transformation of government functions,this paper observes the 39402 kinds of flow paths of technology factors among 199 cities,constructs the"matching flow model"among cities,and empirically analyzes the influence mechanism of reducing institutional transaction cost on the circulation of technology factors among cities.It is found that reducing institutional transaction cost can enable innovation entities to establish cooperation,promote the creation,utilization and transformation of technology factors,and thus realize the economic value of technology factors.A city with lower institutional transaction cost can obtain more technology factors into the city,and its technology factors will be more received by other cities.At the same time,the circulation of technology factors among cities has a significant"synergistic effect"and"siphon effect".The influence mechanism analysis shows that when the transportation cost caused by geographical distance and transportation infrastructure is lower,the reduction of institutional transaction cost can promote the circulation of technological factors among cities more significantly.In addition,when there are more innovative and entrepreneurial activities which bring along larger demand for technology factors,the reduction of institutional transaction cost can promote the circulation of technology factors more significantly.The contributions of this paper are that:(1)At the theoretical level,it discusses the internal mechanism of technology factors as"knowledge products"to realize market allocation,provides new evidence for Coase Theorem focusing on technological factors,and establish

关 键 词：政府职能转变 制度性交易成本 科斯定理 技术要素流转 统一技术市场 

分 类 号：F062.6[经济管理—政治经济学] F204F713.584