低蛋白饲粮添加Glu和Arg对断奶仔猪肠道代谢产物与菌群的影响  

Effects of Low Protein Diet Supplemented with Glutamate and Arginine on Intestinal Metabolites and Microbiota of Weaned Piglets

作　　者：方桂友[1] 刘景[1] 郭庆[1] 林长光[1,2] 董志岩 FANG Guiyou;LIU Jing;GUO Qing;LIN Changguang;DONG Zhiyan(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Research,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China;Fujian Guanghua Best Eco-Agriculture Development Co.,Ltd.,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,福建福州350003 [2]福建光华百斯特生态农牧发展有限公司,福建福州350003

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2023年第10期1176-1184,共9页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省科技计划公益类专项(2020R10260011、2023R1024007);福建省科技重大专项(2021NZ029023-5)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨较大程度降低饲粮粗蛋白质(Crude protein,CP)水平后添加必需氨基酸、谷氨酸和精氨酸对断奶仔猪肠道代谢产物和微生物菌群的影响。【方法】试验选用192头、日龄(26±2)d的健康“杜长大”三元杂交断奶仔猪,平均初始体重为(6.96±0.29)kg,随机分成4个处理组,每组6个重复,每个重复8头猪,试验期16 d。组I为对照组,饲粮CP水平为21.16%;组II为低CP饲粮组,饲粮CP水平为15.97%,补充必需氨基酸(L-赖氨酸、DL-蛋氨酸、L-苏氨酸、L-色氨酸、L-缬氨酸、L-异亮氨酸);组III在组II基础上添加1.50%谷氨酸(Glu);组IV在组II基础上添加1.50%Glu和1.00%精氨酸(Arg)。于正式试验期第11~13 d测定各处理断奶仔猪肠道代谢产物成分及微生物群落组成。【结果】组II、组III和组IV断奶仔猪粪样腐胺和亚精胺含量均显著低于组I(P<0.05),组II、组III和组IV间差异不显著(P>0.05),尸胺含量组II和组III显著低于组I和组IV(P<0.05),组I显著低于组IV(P<0.05),组II和组III间差异不显著(P>0.05)。粪样乙酸和丙酸含量各组间差异不显著(P>0.05),丁酸含量组II、组III和组IV显著高于组I(P<0.05),组II、组III和组IV间差异不显著(P>0.05)。仔猪肠道菌群丰富度和多样性组II、组III和组IV显著高于组I(P<0.05)。仔猪粪样菌群组成在门分类水平上,组II、组III和组IV厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)相对丰度显著高于组I(P<0.05),拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度显著低于组I(P<0.05)。在科属分类水平上,各组菌群组成亦有较大差异,组II、组III和组IV梭菌目下未明确的科和梭菌目下未明确的属相对丰度显著高于组I(P<0.05),普雷沃氏菌科(Prevotellaceae)、肠杆菌科(Enterobacteriaceae)和丁酸球菌属(Lachnospiraceae)相对丰度显著低于组I(P<0.05),组IV毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae)、乳杆菌科(Lactobacillaceae)和布劳特氏菌属(Blautia)、乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)相对丰度显著�【Objective】Effects of a highly reduced crude protein diet supplemented with glutamate(Glu)and arginine(Arg)on the intestinal metabolites and microbiota of weaned piglets were examined for aquaculture feed formulation.【Method】One-hundred-ninety-two healthy(26±2)-day-old crossbred(Duroc×Landrace×Large White)piglets with an average body weight of(6.96±0.29)kg were randomly divided into 4 groups.Each group contained 6 replicates of 8 piglets each.Group I(CK)was fed on the control diet that provided 21.16%crude protein(CP).Group II was on a low-protein diet containing 15.97%CP supplemented with some limiting amino acids.Added to the Group II diet,1.50%Glu was included for feeding Group III and 1.50%Glu plus 1.00%Arg for Group IV.From 11th to 13th day in the 16 d feeding program,metabolites and microbial community in the piglet intestines were monitored.【Result】The fecal putrescine and spermidine of the treatment piglets were similar but significantly lower than those of CK(P<0.05).The cadaverine in the Groups II and III piglets showed no significant differences but were significantly lower than that of CK or Group IV(P<0.05),and that of Group I significantly lower than that of Group IV(P<0.05).No significant differences were observed on the fecal acetic acid and propionic acid among all groups(P>0.05),but the butyric acid in the piglets of all treatment groups was significantly higher than those of CK(P<0.05).The intestinal microbiota richness and diversity of the animals under treatments were significantly higher than those of CK(P<0.05).At phylum level,the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the fecal microbiota of the piglets were significantly higher under the treatments than CK(P<0.05),but those of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria significantly lower than CK(P<0.05).Significant differences were also observed among the groups at family and genus levels.The relative abundances of unspecified families and unspecified genera under clostridiales were significantly higher under the treatments than CK(P<

关 键 词：低蛋白质饲粮 谷氨酸 精氨酸 肠道代谢产物 菌群 断奶仔猪 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]