新疆裸重唇鱼仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的确定  

Tolerance and PNR of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii Larvae under Artificial Starvations

作　　者：张涛[1] 牛建功[1] 蔡林钢[1] 曹文芝[2] 沙文军 王小渝 ZHANG Tao;NIU Jiangong;CAI Lingang;CAO Wenzhi;SHA Wenjun;WANG Xiaoyu(Institute of Fishery Research of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region/Fishery Research and Experimental Northwest China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000,China;Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000,China;National Energy Group Xinjiang Jilintai Hydropower Development Co.,Ltd.,Yili,Xinjiang 835000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区水产科学研究所/农业农村部西北地区渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆师范大学,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [3]国家能源集团新疆吉林台水电开发有限公司,新疆伊犁835000

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2023年第10期1195-1203,共9页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆重点研发任务专项(2022B02006);新疆自然科学基金项目(2023D01A114);新疆“三农”骨干人才培养项目(2022SNGGCY0)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究新疆裸重唇鱼(Gymnodiptychus dybowskii)仔鱼的饥饿耐受能力及最佳投喂时间,为其仔鱼培育提供理论参考。【方法】采用试验生态学方法,在水温15.2~16.4℃条件下,研究新疆裸重唇鱼仔鱼在饥饿胁迫下的形态发育、生长及存活率等的变化,通过记录饥饿组仔鱼每日的初次摄食率,测定其不可逆点(Point of no return,PNR)。【结果】新疆裸重唇鱼仔鱼7日龄开口摄食,12~13日龄卵黄囊消失,混合营养期5~6 d。仔鱼开口时初次摄食率仅为5%,11日龄达到初次摄食率的最大值100%;17日龄后下降至50%,到达PNR,仔鱼具有初次摄食能力的时间为10 d。9日龄前,两组仔鱼全长无显著差异(P>0.05),12日龄后饥饿组仔鱼全长与对照组有显著差异(P<0.05),饥饿组仔鱼负增长并出现生理性萎缩。饥饿组仔鱼进入PNR后,因饥饿出现身体扭曲、畸形,死亡率逐渐升高,至25日龄死亡率达100%。【结论】在水温15.2~16.4℃下,新疆裸重唇鱼具有一定的耐受饥饿能力,其仔鱼最佳投喂时间为11日龄。【Objective】Starvation tolerance of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii larvae was studied to determine the optimal time to start feeding larvae for the aquaculture.【Method】Morphological development,growth,and survival rate of regularly fed G.dybowskii larvae and those under artificially imposed starvation were observed in separate fish tanks with a controlled water temperature at 15.2–16.4℃.The point of no return(PNR)under starvation of the larvae was determined by the percentage of the stressed fish that took daily feed initially.【Result】The normal mixed nutrition for the larvae lasted 5–6 d.In general,on the 7 th day after hatching the larvae started natural feeding,and their yolk sac disappeared in 12–13 d.Approximately 5%of the larvae began to feed at the time of feeding initiation stage.The percentage of larvae started feeding reached 100%on the 11th day but was 50%at PNR after 17 d when deprived of food.Normally,it lasted for 10 d for the larva beginning to take the initial morsel of food.There was no significant difference found in the total length of the larvae fed regularly and under the starvation treatment up until the age of 9 d(P>0.05).However,at 12-day-old,the two groups of larvae began to significantly widen the differentiation in body length(P<0.05),and the starved fish started to show negative growth with physiological atrophy.After PNR,body distortion and deformities appeared on the starved larvae with the mortality rate gradually rising to 100%25 d after hatching.【Conclusion】In a water of 15.2-16.4℃,G.dybowskii larvae displayed a tolerance to starvation with an apparent PNR.It showed that the optimal start time for feeding the larvae was 11 d after hatching.

关 键 词：新疆裸重唇鱼 仔鱼 饥饿 不可逆点 

分 类 号：S961[农业科学—水产养殖]