单细胞测序技术解析IgA肾病免疫细胞改变的研究进展  

Research progress on utilizing single cell sequencing technology to investigate immune cell changes in IgA nephropathy

作　　者：甘言刚 杨琼琼 GAN Yan-gang;YANG Qiong-qiong(Department of Nephrology,Medical Research Center,Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510120,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院肾内科,中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院医学研究中心,广东广州510120

出　　处：《实用医院临床杂志》2024年第1期19-22,共4页Practical Journal of Clinical Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:82270743)。

摘　　要：IgA肾病(IgA nephrology,IgAN)是全球范围内最常见的肾小球肾炎,几乎所有患者在预期寿命内都可能出现终末期肾衰竭。免疫系统异常、糖基化缺失的IgA1产生增多及其肾脏系膜区沉积在IgAN发病中起重要作用。传统高通量测序技术在IgAN研究中的应用已为揭示IgAN的发生及进展机制提供了重要依据和线索,但在揭示细胞异质性方面仍存在局限。随着分子生物学、微流体和生物信息学的进步推进了单细胞测序技术的发展和运用,可在单细胞水平深入探索生理和疾病异常下的细胞状态,提供疾病特征所需的高分辨率和丰富的数据,解析单个细胞和细胞之间的复杂相互作用。近年来,单细胞测序技术在IgAN研究中的应用已有多项重要成果发表,包括从单细胞层面解析IgAN患者外周免疫细胞表达差异及亚群改变、IgAN肾脏转录组图谱,以及揭示IgAN细胞之间的通讯网络。我们也应用单细胞转录组测序发现IgAN中与疾病进展相关的B细胞亚群及通路改变。本文综述了单细胞分析技术在IgAN研究中的应用,以及为解析IgAN发病和进展机制、探究潜在治疗靶点等方面取得的进展和启示。IgA nephropathy(IgAN)is the most common form of glomerulonephritis globally.Nearly all patients develop end-stage renal failure within their lifetime.Abnormal immune system,increased glycosylation deletion of IgA1,and the deposition of IgA in the mesangial region of the kidneys play an important role in the pathology of IgAN.Although traditional high-throughput sequencing technology has provided vital evidence and insights into the mechanism of IgAN,it has limitations in revealing cellular heterogeneity.With advancements in molecular biology,microfluidics,and bioinformatics,single-cell sequencing technologies have been developed and applied.The technologies can explore cellular states under physiological and disease abnormalities at the single-cell level,offer high-resolution and rich data essential for disease characterization and understand complex interactions between individual cells.In recent years,a number of important achievements in the application of single-cell sequencing technology have been published.These achievements include the analysis of differences in peripheral immune cell expression and subset changes,the mapping of the renal transcriptome,and the revelation of the communication network between IgAN cells.We also have applied the technologies to identify B cell subsets and their pathway alterations associated with IgAN disease progression.This article reviews the application of single-cell analysis technology in IgAN research.It also reviews the progress and inspiration in the analysis of the pathogenesis and progression mechanisms as well as potential therapeutic targets of IgAN.

关 键 词：IGA肾病 单细胞测序 免疫 细胞间通讯 

分 类 号：R692.6[医药卫生—泌尿科学]