油菜芥甘种间杂交后代F_(2)及BC_(1)F_(1)群体的遗传分析  

Genetic analysis of F_(2) and BC_(1)F_(1) progenies from the interspecific cross between Brassica juncea and Brassica napus

作　　者：杨淑婕 郭诗芬 彭雅雯 刘忠松[1] YANG Shujie;GUO Shifen;PENG Yawen;LIU Zhongsong(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第6期631-639,共9页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U20A2029、31571712)。

摘　　要：根据芥菜型油菜和甘蓝型油菜染色体特异基因的序列设计引物,对芥菜型油菜‘四川黄籽’与甘蓝型油菜‘中双11’杂交后代F2和BC_(1)F_(1)群体进行基因型分析,研究芥甘杂种后代中染色体的遗传规律。结果表明:甘蓝型油菜来源的An03、An08、An09、An10、Cn03、Cn09等6条染色体和芥菜型油菜来源的Aj03、Aj10染色体在BC_(1)F_(1)群体中未见丢失,但Bj07染色体丢失频率最高,达62.83%;F2群体中,芥菜型油菜来源的Aj、Bj基因组染色体比甘蓝型油菜来源的An、Cn基因组染色体丢失多,甘蓝型油菜来源的An08、Cn03染色体和芥菜型油菜来源的Bj08染色体丢失少,分别为1.36%、1.36%和0.90%,而Bj07染色体丢失多,达56.56%;BC_(1)F_(1)群体套袋自交平均结实率仅0.60,最高达5.31,自由授粉平均结实率为1.95,最高达12.85;F2群体套袋自交平均结实率仅0.66,最高达17.70,自由授粉平均结实率为2.18,最高达23.05。综上,芥甘杂交后代中芥菜型油菜遗传物质比甘蓝型油菜亲本的遗传物质更容易丢失,要将芥菜型油菜优异的基因导入甘蓝型油菜创制优质种质,需在油菜芥甘杂交育种的早期世代促进其染色体重组配对。The primers were designed by use of the sequences of chromosome-specific genes in Brassica juncea and B.napus as template and genotyping was performed to trace the transmission of chromosomes in the F_(2) and BC_(1)F_(1) populations of B.juncea×B.napus hybrids.The results showed that the chromosomes An03,An08,An09,An10,Cn03 and Cn09 from B.napus and Aj03 and Aj10 from B.juncea were not lost in the BC_(1)F_(1) population,while loss frequency of the chromosome Bj07 was the highest,62.83%.In the F2 population,the Aj-and Bj-genome chromosomes from B.juncea were lost more frequently than the An-and Cn-genome from B.napus,and the chromosomes An08 and Cn03from B.napus and Bj08 from B.juncea were lost at frequency of 1.36%,1.36% and 0.90%,respectively.However,the chromosome Bj07 was lost at 56.56%.For the BC1F1 progeny,with the mean seed setting of 0.60,up to 5.31 under self-pollination,and 1.95,up to 12.85 under open pollination.For the F2progeny the mean seed setting of 0.66,up to 17.70 under self-pollination,and 2.18,up to 23.05 under open pollination.These results provided a theoretical basis for breeding by interspecific cross of B.juncea and B.napus,which would help enhance germplasm of B.napus by introducing elite genes of B.juncea.

关 键 词：油菜 芥甘杂交 基因标记 染色体 花粉可染率 结实率 

分 类 号：S565.403.2[农业科学—作物学]