从乾隆宝藏币的推行看清朝治理西藏地方货币政策的转变  

Analyzing the Transformation of the Qing Dynasty's Local Monetary Policy in Managing Xizang through the Issuance of Qianlong Baozang Coins

作　　者：赵心愚[1] 杨璇[1] ZHAO Xinyu;YANG Xuan(School of History and Culture,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610064)

机构地区：[1]四川大学历史文化学院,四川成都610064

出　　处：《西藏大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期24-31,共8页Journal of Tibet University

基　　金：2017年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“西藏地方志资料的整理与研究”阶段性成果,项目号:17ZDA159。

摘　　要：清王朝初期对西藏的经济治理主要采取怀柔绥辑的态度,由此出现西藏市场大量流通尼泊尔银币的情况。随着两次廓尔喀战争相继发生,清王朝自上而下意识到贸易—铸币—外患之间的密切联系,并开始重视西藏的货币问题。随着乾隆皇帝对西藏基本经济情况了解的深入,逐渐转变战争初期禁止藏、廓贸易与西藏市场流通尼泊尔银币的策略,并敏锐地察觉到在西藏建立正规币制的重要性。在西藏发行乾隆宝藏币是清王朝对藏货币政策加强管理的重要举措,集中体现了国家主权以及乾隆皇帝与在藏大臣的国家观念,此铸币的推行,强化了西藏民众的归属意识与国家认同,亦促进了西藏经济向内地的延伸与发展。At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty,on the economic governance of Xizang,the Qing government mainly adopted the conciliatory attitude,which resulted in the large circulation of Nepalese silver coins in the Xi⁃zang's market.With the two Gurkha battles,the Qing Dynasty realized the close relationship among trade,coin⁃age,and foreign aggression and began paying attention to Xizang's currency issue.As Emperor Qianlong gained an in-depth understanding of the primary economic situation in Xizang,he gradually changed his original strate⁃gy of prohibiting Xizang-Gurkha's trade and the circulation of Nepalese silver coins in the Xizang's market.In addition,Emperor Qianlong was keenly aware of the significance of establishing a formal currency system in Xi⁃zang.The issuance of Qianlong Baozang coins in Xizang was an essential measure of the Qing Government to strengthen the management of Xizang's monetary policy,reflecting the national sovereignty and the state concept of Emperor Qianlong and the ministers in Xizang.The implementation of Qianlong Baozang coins strengthened the perception of Xizang's national affiliation and national identity.Also,it promoted the extension and develop⁃ment of the Xizang's economy to the interior.

关 键 词：清王朝 西藏 货币金融政策 尼泊尔银币 乾隆宝藏币 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学] F822.7[历史地理—中国史]