水介质预裂爆破顶板裂纹的扩展  

Crack extension in the top plate of water-mediated pre-cracking blasting

作　　者：孙得志 郭俊庆[1] 杨永康[1] 赵国飞 谢二伟 宋选民[1] 刘亚龙 SUN De-zhi;GUO Jun-qing;YANG Yong-kang;ZHAO Guo-fei;XIE Er-wei;SONG Xuan-min;LIU Ya-long(Key Laboratory of In-situ Modified Mining of Ministry of Education,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Shanxi Energy Institute,Taiyuan 030600,China;Yanchang Oil Field Co.,Ltd.,Yulin 718600,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学原位改性采矿教育部重点实验室,太原030024 [2]山西能源学院,太原030600 [3]延长油田股份有限公司,陕西榆林718600

出　　处：《工程爆破》2023年第6期100-109,共10页Engineering Blasting

基　　金：山西省应用基础研究计划面上资助项目(20210302123148);山西省自然基金青年资助项目(201901D211452)。

摘　　要：针对坚硬顶板空气为不耦合介质,外加控制孔后爆破孔间裂纹扩展不佳的问题,以山西永宁煤矿10204沿空留巷工程为工程背景,使用LS-DYNA动力有限元模拟软件,研究外加控制孔后水为不耦合介质时水环半径、控制孔直径、不耦合系数、孔间距对孔间裂纹扩展及孔间测点峰值有效应力的影响规律,并进行了现场验证。研究结果表明:水与空气半径比值从0增加到1时,孔间贯通裂纹数量增多,由1增加到无穷时,孔间裂纹的贯通数量没有明显的提高;控制孔直径由45 mm增加到65 mm时,孔间贯通裂纹数量增多,控制孔直径65 mm增加到75 mm时孔间贯通裂纹数量增加不明显;不耦合系数为水时都在不耦合系数为2.0时最佳,相对于不耦合系数为1.51、2.0、2.3时峰值有效应力高出15%、19%、24%左右;随着炮孔间距增大裂纹数量呈现先增大后减小的趋势,间距700 mm时孔间裂纹扩展效果最佳,间距超过1000 mm后孔间裂纹数量明显减小仅有一条主裂纹贯通。For the hard top plate air for uncoupled media,plus the control hole of blast hole inter-hole crack expansion is not good,taking Shanxi Yongning coal mine 10204 along the empty stay road project as the engineering background,the LS-DYNA dynamic finite element simulation software was used to study the influence of water ring radius,control hole diameter,uncoupling coefficient,hole spacing on inter-hole crack expansion,the peak effective stress of the measurement point and inter-hole crack expansion when water as uncoupled medium is added after the control hole.The field verification was conducted.The results of the study showed that the number of inter-hole penetration cracks increases when the water to air radius ratio increases from 0 to 1.There is no significant increase in the number of inter-hole crack penetrations when increasing from 1 to infinity.The number of inter-hole penetration cracks increases when the control hole diameter increases from 45 mm to 65 mm,and the number of inter-hole penetration cracks does not increase significantly when the control hole diameter increases from 65 mm to 75 mm;uncoupling coefficient of water are best at an uncoupling coefficient of 2.0,with peak effective stresses about 15%,19% and 24% higher relative to uncoupling coefficients of 1.51,2.0 and 2.3;With the increase of gun hole spacing the number of cracks showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,the best effect of inter-hole crack expansion at a spacing of 700 mm,and the number of cracks between holes decreased significantly after the spacing exceeded 1000 mm with only one main crack penetration.

关 键 词：耦合介质 裂纹扩展 控制孔直径 不耦合系数 孔间距 

分 类 号：TU746.5[建筑科学—建筑技术科学] TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]