基于PIV技术的高速空腔流动演化特性研究  

Evolution of high-speed cavity flow based on PIV technology

作　　者：吴继飞[1] 周方奇 徐来武[1] 杨可[1] 梁锦敏[1] WU Jifei;ZHOU Fangqi;XU Laiwu;YANG Ke;LIANG Jinmin(High Speed Aerodynamics Institute,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所,绵阳621000

出　　处：《实验流体力学》2023年第6期34-41,共8页Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics

摘　　要：空腔结构在高速来流条件下会产生复杂流动和高强度噪声,严重影响飞行器的气动特性和结构安全。采用粒子图像测速(Particle Image Velocimetry,PIV)技术和动态压力测量相结合的方法,对长深比为3~10的空腔在来流马赫数0.4~0.8状态下的流动噪声特性开展试验研究,着重分析了空腔长深比和来流马赫数对腔内流场结构的影响,揭示了空腔噪声强度与腔内流动的关联性。结果表明:随着长深比增大,腔内剪切层厚度迅速增长并向腔内扩张,与空腔的撞击位置由后壁下移至底面,腔内流体由开式流动向闭式流动转变;来流马赫数的增大会抑制剪切层向腔内发展,诱导主回流旋涡后移,使得流体趋于开式流动;腔内后壁总声压级的幅值与流体撞击后壁时的流向速度正相关。In cavity structure,complex flows and high-intensity noises appear under the high-speed condition,seriously affecting the aerodynamic characteristics and structural safety of the aircraft.Through the methods of the particle image velocimetry technology and dynamic pressure measurement,the cavity with a length-depth ratio of 3 to 10 is experimentally investigated in the range of Mach number 0.4 to 0.8.The influences of the length-depth ratio and Mach number on the flow field structure in the cavity are emphatically analyzed,and the correlations between the noise intensity and the flow velocity are revealed.The results show that:as the length-depth ratio increases,the thickness of the shear layer in the cavity increases rapidly and expands into the cavity,leading the impact position on the cavity to move down from the back wall to the bottom,and causing the flow type in the cavity to change from open to closed.The increase of the Mach number inhibits the shear layer from expanding into the cavity and induces the main recirculation vortex to move back and the flow type to be open.The amplitude of the overall sound pressure level is positively correlated with the flow velocity in the back of the cavity.

关 键 词：空腔 PIV测量 流场结构 流向速度 噪声 高速 

分 类 号：V211.7[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]