基于数值试验的降雨径流过程对不透水面空间分布的响应分析  

Response analysis of rainfall runoff process to spatial distribution of impervious area based on numerical experiments

作　　者：梅超[1,2] 石虹远 李瑞栋 李玉龙 刘家宏 栾清华[3] 王浩 王佳[1,2] MEI Chao;SHI Hongyuan;LI Ruidong;LI Yulong;LIU Jiahong;LUAN Qinghua;WANG Hao;WANG Jia(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Key Laboratory of River Basin Digital Twinning of Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100038,China;School of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [2]水利部数字孪生流域重点实验室,北京100038 [3]河北工程大学水利水电学院,河北邯郸056038 [4]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《水资源保护》2024年第1期86-92,共7页Water Resources Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52009139);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC30001404);中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(WR110145B0012023,WR110145B0022022);水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室资助项目(61010101221)。

摘　　要：为解析降雨径流过程对不透水面空间分布的响应关系,构造了一个3 km×3 km的假想试验区域,面向试验区域构建了包含6个不透水率的36种不透水面空间分布,并建立相应的数值试验模型,模拟了重现期分别为2、5、10、20、50、100 a共6种不同重现期短历时设计降雨下的降雨径流过程,基于模拟结果对不同不透水面空间分布情景下的降雨径流过程进行了分析。结果表明:在同一不透水率下,不同不透水面空间分布的径流系数差异相对较小,不透水面空间分布对径流特征的影响主要体现在径流峰值和峰现时间上;在同一降雨条件下,不透水率变化是径流过程变化的主导因素,径流系数与不透水率呈线性相关关系,随着不透水率的增加,径流过程线逐渐由“矮胖”变得“尖瘦”。In order to analyze the response of rainfall-runoff process to spatial distribution of impervious area,a hypothetical experiment area of 3 km×3 km was constructed,and 36 kinds of spatial distributions of impervious area with six impervious rates were set.Numerical experimental models were established to simulate the rainfall runoff process under six kinds of short-duration design rainfall with different return periods of 2,5,10,20,50,and 100 years.Based on the simulation results,the runoff processes under different rainfall conditions and spatial distributions of impervious area were analyzed.The results show that,under the same impervious rate,the difference of runoff coefficient under different spatial distributions of impervious area is generally small,and the spatial distribution of impervious area has a certain influence on the peak runoff and time to peak runoff.Under the same rainfall condition,the change in impervious rate is the dominant factor for the alternation of the runoff process,and there exists a linear relationship between the runoff coefficient and impervious rate.With the increasing of impervious rate,the runoff process line gradually changes from“low and fat”to“sharp and thin”.

关 键 词：不透水面 空间分布 不透水率 降雨径流 数值试验 

分 类 号：TV121[水利工程—水文学及水资源]