CFB锅炉启动过程中结焦原因分析  

Analysis of Coking Causes in CFB Boiler Start-Up Process

作　　者：柴江华 Chai Jianghua(SINOPEC Changling Branch Department,Yueyang,Hunan 414012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化长岭分公司,湖南岳阳414012

出　　处：《石油石化绿色低碳》2023年第6期61-65,共5页Green Petroleum & Petrochemicals

摘　　要：对某企业CFB锅炉启动过程中出现结焦状况进行原因分析,发现锅炉启动过程中燃烧器火嘴油压偏高、油枪套管磨损等因素引起雾化不良,燃烧不充分,易造成燃烧器周边挂焦。另改造后布风板阻力减少,风帽出口小,孔流速降低,床料粒径偏大,易造成流化不均匀。对此,通过对燃烧器检查更换,适当降低床料粒径,增加床层高度,缩短启动时间等措施,可有效避免结焦,确保锅炉长周期运行。锅炉改造后,有效降低了床温偏差,提高旋风分离器分离效率,改造前后床温偏差降幅约40~50℃,飞灰含碳量下降约4%。In view of the coking problem in the start-up process of circulating fluidized bed(CFB)boiler in an enterprise,this Paper analyzes the factors such as high oil pressure of burner nozzle and wear of oil gun casing in the start-up process of CFB boiler,which will cause poor atomization and inadequate combustion,resulting in coke hanging around the burner.It is found that the non-uniform fluidization is easy to be caused under the conditions of small wind baffle resistance,low flow velocity of t he cowl outlet hole and large Particle size of the bed after the transformation of boiler system.Some measures to prevent boiler coking such as checking and replacing the burner,appropriately reducing the size of the bed,increasing the height of the bed and shortening the starting time are put forward,which can effectively avoid coking and ensure long cycle operation of the boiler.After the boiler transformation,the bed temperature deviation is effectively reduced,and the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator is improved.After the transformation,the bed temperature deviation is reduced by about 40~50℃,and the carbon content of fly ash is reduced by about 4%.

关 键 词：CFB锅炉 结焦 燃烧器 布风板 

分 类 号：TE963[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]