绿豆创新种质的芽用特性分析  

Evaluation on Sprout Characters of New Lines of Mung Bean

作　　者：王思航 公丹 刘海涛 潘晓威 王素华[1] 李志刚[2] 王丽侠[1] WANG Sihang;GONG Dan;LIU Haitao;PAN Xiaowei;WANG Suhua;LI Zhigang;WANG Lixia(Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081;College of Agriculture,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028000;Beijing Fangyuan Ping An Biotechnology Co,LTD,Beijing 101100)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [2]内蒙古民族大学农学院,通辽028000 [3]北京方圆平安生物科技股份有限公司,北京101100

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2024年第1期141-146,共6页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-08);杂粮杂豆现代种业科技创新团队(21326305D)。

摘　　要：绿豆芽富含维生素、膳食纤维等营养物质,培育绿豆芽专用新品种可有效提高芽菜品质及生产效益。前期基于绿豆核心种质资源的芽用特性评价,创制出早熟矮生、高产广适的新种质35份,本研究对这35份绿豆新种质进行了芽长、芽粗、芽豆比等性状初步评估。结果表明,不同种质的芽长变异范围最大,为5.56~7.42 cm,变异系数为13.36%;芽粗变异范围为2.41~3.24 mm,变异系数为13.00%;芽豆比变异范围为8.12~10.36,变异系数为3.60%。相关分析显示芽豆比与芽粗(R=0.817)呈极显著正相关,与百粒重(R=-0.583)、芽长(R=-0.137)则呈一定的负相关。芽重与芽长、芽粗、百粒重的回归方程也表明,芽粗对芽重的贡献远大于芽长和百粒重,是芽用品种筛选的首选性状。基于芽用性状分析,分别筛选出适宜细长型豆芽的新种质21XJ54-1、21BJ育95、21XJ54-2及适宜粗壮型豆芽的新种质21BJ育96、21XJ56-1、21DT46、中绿27等。对不同产地中绿27的发芽试验表明,生态环境也影响芽长和芽粗。其中河北丰宁生产的中绿27芽豆比最高(10.27),其次是河南新乡(9.94);新疆昌吉中绿27的豆芽最长(6.23 cm),而河北丰宁的豆芽最粗(3.70 mm)。本研究结果为绿豆芽专用种质的筛选与培育提供了亲本材料,为绿豆芽产业的安全健康发展奠定了基础。Mung bean sprout is rich in vitamins,dietary fiber and other nutrients,and developing elite cultivars for sprout could improve the quality and commercial value on sprout production.Thirty-five new lines were gained from the previously-developed new lines evaluated for the sprout characters using the core collection of mung bean.In this study we evaluated the characters for sprout production of 35 new elite lines.The results revealed abundant variations on sprout length(5.56-7.42 cm,coefficient of variation(CV)=13.36%),and sprout thick(2.41-3.24 mm,CV=13.00%),while a fairly low variation on production ratio(8.12-10.36,CV=3.60%).Significant positive correlation was found between production ratio and sprout thick(R=0.817),while negative correlation was found between production ratio and 100-seed weight(R=-0.583)or sprout length(R=-0.137).Multiple regression showed that sprout thick had greater a contribution to sprout weight than sprout length and seed size too.Finally,lines 21XJ54-1 and 21BJ yu95,21XJ54-2 that suitable for slim sprout and lines 21BJ yu96,21DT46 and Zhonglv27 that suitable for thick sprout were selected.In addition,seeds of Zhonglv27 harvested from diverse eco-regions were observed to have different sprout production ratio.The seeds from Fengning city of Hebei province had the highest production ratio(10.27),followed by Xinxiang city of Henan province(9.94).Seeds from Changji city of Xinjiang autonomous region had the highest value on sprout length(6.23 cm),while Fengning of Hebei province was the highest on sprout thick(3.70 mm).Collectively,this study provided elite germplasm for breeding of new mung bean varieties for sprout production.

关 键 词：绿豆 新种质 芽用特性 

分 类 号：S522[农业科学—作物学]