罗宾·汉内尔的生态经济学理论及其评析  

Robin Hahnels Theory of Ecological Economics and Its Critique

作　　者：徐涛 吕佳翼 XU Tao;LYU Jiayi(School of Marxism,Nankai University)

机构地区：[1]南开大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2023年第6期73-83,共11页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：天津市社会科学规划青年项目“当代西方激进左翼的人民话语研究”(TJKSQN23-001);天津市习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想概论协同创新中心重点课题“‘习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想是21世纪马克思主义’研究”(JJSZKZ202313001)。

摘　　要：罗宾·汉内尔的生态经济学理论批判性分析了资本主义造成环境灾难的多重原因,从而论证了资本主义制度在环境保护上的不可持续。资本主义市场存在负外部性问题,环境作为公共利益的“搭便车”问题,以及资源开采的“时间偏好率”问题,这些体现了资本主义制度是一种不正义、不民主且体现“竞争和贪婪”的制度,不具备促进生态环境保护的激励措施。对此,汉内尔主张以参与型经济替代资本主义制度,转而实现体现“公平与合作”的制度,通过参与型规划实现短期与长期的可持续发展。参与型经济不仅是对资本主义制度的超越,更为当今世界处理环境问题,以及我国生态文明建设提供借鉴与启示。同时也要认识到,汉内尔过于否定市场,未采用阶级分析的方法,在民主计划方面有一定的乌托邦式空想成分,应以辩证的眼光看待这一理论。Robin Hahnel’s theory of ecological economics critically analyzes the multiple reasons behind environmental disasters caused by capitalism,arguing that the capitalist system is environmentally unsustainable.The problem of negative externalities in capitalist markets,the“free-rider”problem in environment as public goods,and the problem of“time preference rates”for resource exploitation reflect the fact that the capitalist system is unjust and undemocratic,characterized by“competition and greed”,and that it does not have the incentives to promote eco-environment protection.In this regard,Hahnel argues for a participatory economy as an alternative to the capitalist system,and for the realization of a system that embodies“equity and cooperation”,and participatory planning to achieve long-term as well as short-term sustainable development.The participatory economy is not only a transcendence of the capitalist system,but also provides lessons and inspiration for dealing with environmental problems in the world today,and for Chinas ecological civilization construction.Meanwhile,its important to recognize that Hahnels theory overly negates the market,doesnt adopt a class analysis method,and contains a certain Utopian element with regard to democratic planning.We should approach this theory with a dialectical perspective.

关 键 词：罗宾·汉内尔 生态经济学 参与型经济 资本主义替代方案 

分 类 号：F091[经济管理—政治经济学]