内蒙古旺业甸华北落叶松人工林空间结构分析及其优化  

Spatial Structure Analysis and Optimization of Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation in Wangyedian,Inner Mongolia

作　　者：张苗苗 罗于洋[1,2] 王树森 张丽娜[1,2] 马成功 于胜利[3] 王景圆 ZHANG Miao-miao;LUO Yu-yang;WANG Shu-sen;ZHANG Li-na;MA Cheng-gong;YU Sheng-li;WANG Jing-yuan(College of Desert Control Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,Inner Mongolia,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Protection and Recovery of Desert Ecosystem,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,Inner Mongolia,China;Wangyedian Experimental Forest Farm,Chifeng,Inner Mongolia 024423,China;Urad Rear Banner Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Bayannur 015000,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古农业大学荒漠生态系统保护与修复国家林业和草原局重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [3]内蒙古赤峰市旺业甸实验林场,内蒙古赤峰024423 [4]乌拉特后旗林业和草原局,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2024年第1期81-87,107,共8页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：内蒙古自治区应用技术研发项目(2019GG004);内蒙古自治区科技兴蒙行动重点专项(2022EEDSKJXM003)。

摘　　要：以内蒙古赤峰市旺业甸实验林场未采伐的落叶松人工林幼龄林(18 a)、近熟林(34 a)及成熟林(48 a)为对象,分析3种林分空间结构,对结构不理想的林分进行空间结构优化。采用角尺度、大小比数、混交度及竞争指数4个林分空间结构参数,构建空间结构评价指数,对其空间结构进行优化。结果表明,旺业甸落叶松人工林幼龄林呈随机分布,近熟林及成熟林呈均匀分布,靠近随机分布,林木大小分化不明显,林木竞争较大,评价等级均为2级较差。根据评价结果,采用20%采伐强度后,竞争指数明显降低。采伐前后落叶松幼龄林空间结构综合指数由0.247增加为0.308,近熟林由0.312增加为0.406,成熟林由0.265增加为0.319,近熟林评价等级由2级提升为3级。通过对内蒙古赤峰市旺业甸林场的华北落叶松人工林空间结构分析与优化,可以较好地改善当地华北地区华北落叶松人工林林分空间结构,为我国华北落叶松人工林经营提供数据支持。Taking the young(18 a),near mature(34 a)and mature(48 a)plantations of Larix principisrupprechtii in Wangyedian Experimental Forest Farm,Chifeng City,Inner Mongolia,as the research objects,the stand spatial structure of three stands were analyzed.The spatial structure optimization was conducted for the unsatisfactory structures.Four parameters of the stand spatial structure were adopted to establish evaluation system,and to conduct the optimization of the stand spatial structure,including uniform angle index,dominance,mingling and competition index.The young stand was distributed randomly,while the near mature and mature stands were evenly distributed,close to the random distribution.The size differentiation of the trees was not obvious,with a large competition in the stands.The evaluation levels of all the stands studied were worse.According to the evaluation results,after using 20%of the cutting intensity,the competition index was significantly reduced.The comprehensive index of the space structure of the mature stand before and after harvesting increased from 0.247 to 0.308,the near-mature stand increased from 0.312 to 0.406,the mature stand increased from 0.265 to 0.319,and the near-mature stand increased from level 2 to 3.Through the analysis and optimization of the spatial structure of larch plantation in Wangyedian Forest Farm,the spatial structure of larch plantation in Northern China can be better improved,data support can be provided for the management of L.principis-rupprechtii plantation in Northern China.

关 键 词：华北落叶松 林分空间结构 模拟采伐 

分 类 号：S791.22[农业科学—林木遗传育种]